A Discussion of Symbols in “A Death of Salesman”

The seeds embody Willy's ambition to be both a good father and a â€Å"well-liked† salesman. Willy's nocturnal futile attempt to grow vegetables clearly demonstrates his failure in achieving the American Dream. Another perspective is to see seeds as the pure embodiment of Biff. Willy makes a hard attempt to raise and nurture Biff but despite all his desperate tries, Biff turns out to be a lazy bum. In the same way, Willy tries to grow vegetables but he fails. The other important fact about this symbol is that huge towering shapes behind Willy's house constrict the garden in which vegetables will grow. Because of the limiting space of the garden, nothing substantial can grow. This can be interpreted that the competition, the clemency lacking quality of the American Dream (represented by the towering buildings) ultimately leads to Willy's downfall (the futile seeds). This is a crucial point in understanding and evaluating the play because the American Dream that Willy thought as infallible, in the end proves to be fallible by leading Willy to his downfall. Linda's And Woman's Stockings Reference in the play: (To Willy) Biff: You – you gave her mama's stockings![His tears break through and he rises to go] Discussion: The stockings in this play, in my opinion, represent sexual infidelity. Willy is accused by Biff for giving her mother's stockings to a woman. The important factor here is that Willy could have given the Woman any stocking but vividly in order to empower the symbol, Arthur Miller makes sure that Willy gives the Woman Linda's stockings. It is important to note that right after the Woman in the flashback thanks Willy for the stockings (â€Å"Woman: And thanks for the stockings†), Willy notices that Linda is mending stockings and is nagged by this fact: â€Å"Willy [angrily taking them (stockings) away from her]: I won't have you mending stockings in this house! Now throw them out!† The stockings are absolutely reminiscent of Willy's betrayal. Of course, faced alone with this fact, Willy cannot stand it and therefore commands Linda to throw them out. This depicts Willy's ambivalent character. One Willy betrays Linda. The other Willy cannot stand this fact. Diamond: Reference in the play: Ben [With greater force]: One must go in to fetch a diamond out. Discussion: The diamonds embody the power of tangible wealth or money. In a sense, the diamonds are the solidification of American Dream. Willy invariably, has failed the American Dream and therefore doesn't posses the diamond. The diamonds that made Ben rich also remind Willy that he is a failure. Further qualities of the diamond are revealed by Ben's sentences: â€Å"Ben: A diamond is rough and hard to the touch.† I think what Ben wants to say is that the diamond isn't easy to get (represented by its roughness) but once possessed, it's a valuable asset. â€Å"Ben: It's dark there (jungle, Africa) but full of diamonds† From the wanton, debauched way that Ben wrestles and horses around with Biff (i. e. the way he trips him), it can be concluded that Ben isn't a moral personality. The result of this conclusion is that Ben wasn't very honest when obtaining the diamond. The darkness in this sentence represent the immoralities or the dishonesties one must go through before one can obtain the diamond. Willy's personality, on the other hand, lacks immorality. He has always â€Å"played it fair†, the only exception being his betrayal to Linda. Willy's chronic honesty in business causes him to fail and so he doesn't obtain the diamond. Whereas on the other hand, Ben succeeds. The Rubber Hose: Reference in the play: â€Å"Biff: All right, phony! Then let's lay it on the line. [He whips the rubber hose out of his pocket and puts it on the table] Discussion: The rubber hose is an object that Willy tries to inhale gas with. The significance of this object is that it reminds the audience of Willy's failing attempts to commit suicide. The rubber hose ,in a way the seeds do, represents Willy's failure. Willy tries to commit suicide but even fails that. However, unlike the seed which symbolized Willy's failure to achieve the American Dream, the rubber hose symbolizes Willy's failure to be harmony, in union with himself. Willy ultimately fails to commit suicide because he is ambivalent to the idea of suicide. The rubber hose symbolizes Willy's ambivalence and his failure to find himself, an observation that Willy accused Biff of. The Car and the Chevy: Reference in the play: Biff [rushing down the stairs]: Pop! [As the car speeds off, the music crashes down in a frenzy of sound] Reference to Chevy: Willy: I was thinking of that Chevy. Nine-teen twenty-eight†¦ when I had that red Chevy – [Breaks off.] The car is Willy's ambitions and feelings in life. In the past, he had a Chevy as a car, and Biff used to simonize it. Willy Loman as a young man had ambitions and thought that he was going to thrive and flourish. The Chevy symbolizes all together Willy's ambitions, hopes, dreams as a young man. However as Willy gets old, he suddenly realizes that he isn't the successful businessman he dreamt that he would be. This transformation of Willy's feelings about his life can be paralleled with the transformation of the Chevy into an old rusty car. When Willy suddenly can't take it anymore, he commits suicide with his car. This translates into saying when Willy can not stand the idea that he failed, his feelings (his car) lead him to suicide.

Lost Military Id

I won't say that losing my Military Identification card was completely out of my control, but even losing it twice can happen obviously. Things happen, we've all lost something before, hell I had lost $75. 00 cash before. When I woke up the next day and couldn't find it, I was so pissed, but it happened and there was nothing I could do about it, just had to take it as a loss. I’m only human, and this will not be the last mistake I ever make. However, I won’t make the same mistake over and over again. I am certain that the corrective training I am doing sucks just enough if not more to make me want to ensure to maintain firm awareness of the location of my Military Identification card at all times from now on, which I'm sure was the intention of this corrective training or essay writing. Don't get me wrong a lot of bad things have the potential to occur if my Military Identification were to fall into the wrong hands,people could get hurt and it would be my fualt. Also what I am doing is not punishment, punishment is Uniformed Code of Military Justice, that's something totally different and effects my well being, my career, and a lot more in the long run so I should be fully greatful and fully blessed that I didn’t get a uninformed code of military justice article 15. Corrective training is just that, TRAINING. Mistakes are okay, so long as people don't repeat the same ones and they learn from them. The U. S. army values soldiers that are accountable for their actions. Being accountable means being dependable-arriving to work and appointments on time, meeting deadlines, being in the right place at the right time, doing the right thing at the right time, and making sure you have your i. d. card at all times. Morning formation is the most important formation of the day. It is made to get accountability of everyone and put out any information that there needs to be dealt with. Without having accountability there is no knowing of where everybody is or what's going on. I have realized that is an important asset always showing up on time. It shows others in the unit that your dependable and ready for more responsibility. If a soldier fails to keep control of the simple things theres noway someone would put him in charge of other soldiers and likewise the soldeirs under him wont respect him cause they cant trust him to keep accountability of formation and tasks given by 1SGT. If were a leader and hade a soldier loseing his sensitive items i would be makeing him do the same thing by writing an essay it gives you to to look up information on the subject of losing an id card i learned lot. the next few paragraphs are of the five top reasones a soldier needs to keep acountability of his Military Identification card. One, someone can use a Military ID to sneak on to base and by passing security. Two, the Soldier who lost their military ID will not be able to access areas restricted to civilians and will be restricted from computers on base. Three, the Soldier can lose security clearance through the chain of command. Four, S oldier cannot access Postal Exchange (PX). Five, the Soldier could possibly be non-judicially punished and possibly lose rank. Allow me explain them further. Reason one: It could help a terrorist to bypassing security. If someone were to find a Soldier's Military ID and bypass base security, the person who breached security could steal sensitive documents, harm other soldiers, or map out the base for future attacks and they could do these multiple things in a twenty-four hour period if they were smart and fast enough to do it. First thing they could do is get access to restricted areas and possibly sabotage military equipment. In addition, they could steal military grade equipment, blue prints to new weapon designs, military vehicles, and information regarding the movement of Soldier's that are out in the battlefield and their objectives, depending on the security clearance of the soldier's military ID. Reason two: military restrictions for losing Military ID. The Soldier who lost his or her military ID will not be able to access areas restricted to civilians and lose access to computers on base. If a Soldier had to report to a restricted area to perform any duties and did not have his or her military ID, they would not be able to perform their duties or tasks given by a superior. In addition, if the Soldier had to access important information about an upcoming task or mission and he or she do not have their military ID; they would not be able to access the important Intel. Reason three: soldiers who lose there military ID card could lose there security clearance as a result effect there job performance. In a combat zone when soldiers are spread thin cause of heavier work load this can jeprodize the mission and put more work load on other soldiers. A security clearance is also good to have in the civilian job sector for when you get out so if you lose it youll lose better job oppurtunitys Reason four: A soldier who loses there ID card will not be able to make use of the PX, MWR, or the resiliance center. These places offer a place for soldiers to go so they can rest and have fun. so till the soldier is able to get a new ID card these places are off limits. Reason five: Wrongful disposition of U. S. Military property. Article 108. Military property of United States Loss, damage, destruction, or wrongful disposition. Any person subject to this chapter who, without proper authority (1) sells or otherwise disposes of; (2) willfully or through neglect damages, destroys, or loses; or (3) willfully or through neglect suffers to be lost, damaged, destroyed, sold, or wrongfully disposed of; any military property of the United States, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. my only hope in ending this essay is that my nco thinks its good enough cuase ive typed all i can on the suject its 2330 right know and i still havent called my daughter and im tired. so good night.

Aurora- Light of Mystery

Aurora - Mysterious Light text box: This shuttle image shows the characteristic oval shape of Aurora. What is my aurora? Aurora or aurora is the emission of the upper atmosphere generated by the high latitudes of the two hemispheres. The northern hemisphere aurora is called aurora and the southern hemisphere aurora is called aurora. Aurora (Latin is dawn) is a beautifully magical light that you can see in the darkness of the polar sky. Aurora borealis is one of the most mysterious and interesting phenomena in nature and has been fascinated by Scandinavian tourists and locals from ancient Vikings. Watching a spectacular light show or discovering the aurora is only the beginning of your outstanding journey. For thousands of years European cuisine masterpieces have captivated travelers. From traditional cultural cuisine to contemporary cuisine specialties, it is a worthwhile travel to visit these delicious destinations. Bring a healthy appetite and enjoy a wonderful taste, sight and sce nt on this rich cooking trip Aurora is Aurora or Antarctica. These are ghostly lights that appear in the sky of the earth. These are extremes facing the earth. In the north, these auroras are called auroras. In the South these auroras are called aurora aurora. Amp; nbsp; These occur when there is a magnetic field outside the Earth 's atmosphere. After that, the solar wind attacked the magnetic field and released these aurora to the earth's south north pole. The color of the aurora depends only on the height of most of the collision of the streetlight and the neon sign emits light according to the amount of gas of the subject. If these auroral lights are about 300 kilometers tall they may turn red. This is very rare, but it will happen when the solar wind is at its maximum. The most common colors are yellow and green. All of these lights are called by oxygen, but they are all at low altitudes

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Project Management - Essay Example 10 References 12 1. Introduction The success of projects is depended on a series of criteria, all of which need to be met so that a project is completed on time and according to the standards set. In practice, the achievement of the above target is very difficult. Failures in projects are common phenomenon. Despite the efforts made by managers for the limitation of project failures, the problem is still extensive in regard to projects in all sectors. The causes of project failure are reviewed in this paper. Reference is made to two, major, IT projects: the NHS Computer System and the Ford Online Procurement System. Both these projects were well structured, so that risks are minimized. However, they were finally led to a failure, resulting to severe losses for the parties involved. Appropriate literature is also reviewed for identifying the causes of project failure. It seems that project failure is unavoidable when a project is not closely monitored and adequately supported. Also, un der certain terms, project managers hold the responsibility for the failure of the project assigned to them. Under these terms, it can be noted that project failure is related to many, different, factors all of which need to be addressed in order for the success of a project to be secured. 2. Project failure – characteristics and reasons Different approaches have been used in the literature for explaining the project failure, as a daily problem in all scientific and industrial sectors. O’Carroll (2003) notes that many project managers tend to focus on planning for eliminating the case of a failure. The above strategy has been proved ineffective. It is explained that ‘two much planning can be a reason for project failure’ (O’Carroll 2003, p.175). Even the requirement for following strictly the deadlines of a project can be a reason for project failure (O’Carroll 2003, p.175). O’Carroll claims that when focusing heavily on the planning p hase of the project, project managers do not deal with the failure of the project; instead, a plan should be developed in advance for setting the terms on which the management of the project’s failure will be based. From a different point of view, Wysocki (2011) states that the project failure can result because of unexpected changes on a project. The characteristics of these changes are not clearly presented. It is assumed that any alteration of the project’s initial terms, as included in its plan, is considered as a change of a project. The level at which change can threaten a project is difficult to be estimated in advance. It is assumed that the threat can be higher as the alteration from the project’s initial terms is increased. Holmes (2001) claimed that the causes of project failure can be many. For example, a project is expected to fail for one of the above reasons: when it is not adequately supported by the firm’s top management team, when its pl an is not detailed, when the targets set are not feasible, when no provision exists for managing the risks involved and so on (Holmes 2001, p.16). In this way, preventing project failure can be challenging task, especially if the resources required are not available or if the time limits for the completion of the project are too tight, not allowing the identification of alternative practices for facing problems appearing during the development of the project. The ‘Japan Users’ Association of Information Systems (JUAS)’

Harassment of Male and Female in Hospitals in Canada Research Paper

Harassment of Male and Female in Hospitals in Canada - Research Paper Example Workplace harassment has not only been reported in health care settings but also in other sectors of the workforce. This paper explores harassment of males and females in Canada hospitals. Harassment of gender in Hospitals According to Ontario Human Rights Commision, â€Å"harassment connotes comments or actions that are unwelcome or should be known to be unwelcome† (Ontario Human Rights Commision, 2012). Other literature have defined harassment as any conduct based on age, disability, HIV status, domestic circumstances, race, colour, language. religion, political, trade union or other opinion or belief, national or social origin, association with minority property, birth or other status which is unreciprocated or unwanted and which affects the dignity of men and women at work (Wi, 2009). Workplace harassment in healthcare settings has been reported as a widespread problem in most Canadian hospitals. Healthcare professional such as nurses, general practitioners and other medic al staff do experience or have high chances of experience harassment in most hospitals in Canada. Harassment of males and females in hospitals can take various forms such as physical, psychological and sexual harassment, one-off incident or subsequent and recurrent patterns of behaviours and among colleagues, between superiors and subordinates in health or among third parties (patients and visitors). Causes of Gender harassment in Hospitals Sexual harassment refers to â€Å"any form of sexual activity which makes a person or the victim to feel or appear uncomfortable† (Roach, 2010). The types of sexual harassments that female experience in hospital settings include gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, sexual remarks and sexual coercion. Sexual harassment is the most common form of harassment in Canadian hospitals and it is often perpetrated by male patients and co-workers. The forms of sexual harassment that can be directed to either gender in hospital settings inclu de unwelcome physical contact, inappropriate conversation with sexual content, leering or inappropriate staring or whistling, inappropriate gifts, offensive jokes or comments of sexual nature, posting pictures of sexual nature in hospital settings especially in offices, comments about the physical characteristics of an individual and sexually suggestive acts (New Brunswick Human Rights Act, 2011). In addition, sexual harassment in hospitals that is directed to people of either gender may entail proposition of physical intimacy, demands for dates or sexual favors and remarks about members of a specific gender. Nurses experience sexual harassment from patients and colleagues or from medical personnel from higher authorities, that is, sexual harassment can be committed by males with female victims, by females with male victims or same-sex sexual harassment (Roach, 2010). Women have bore the brunt of sexual harassment because they have traditionally occupied a lower status in the societ y particular in the workforce. The same is replicated in hospital settings in Canada where most victims of sexual harassment have been women. Both male and female nurses and other medical staff experience harassment in Canadian health care settings although the level of endurance is different from either gender. Female nurses are likely to endure harassment from their colleagues or patients for a long term before necessarily taking further step and

Palmtop Mobile Phones Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Palmtop Mobile Phones - Assignment Example It is the world most globalizes country whose capital is London which is the third major financial center of the world. The most recent official figures shows that the GDP growth rate of United Kingdom is 3.1% where as GDP grew in 2006 was 23/4% and more than 3% in 2007. According to 2006 rating, the GDP is $ 2.1 trillion where as commercial service imports increases to $ 600 billion. The population of UK according to 2006 was 60,587,000 and out of this 50,763,000 is living in England. Initially 12 countries were choose by the firm, through screening process out of these 12 countries two countries were left and chosen by us as our product international market. The twelve countries selected by the firm are: International marketing of the product starts by assessing the international market and evaluation of the economic information that directly affect on the firm product [Alan M. Rugman and Richard M. Hodgetts (March 2000)]. Screening process for the product involves series of analysis; therefore, we have divided our screening process into many steps using economic indicators to represent that which two countries will suit best for the product. The initial screening process of the firm requires knowing the basic need and potential of population in international market [Anant K. Sundaram, J. Stewart Black, (1995)]. ... INITIAL SCREENING (Basic need and potential) The initial screening process of the firm requires knowing the basic need and potential of population in international market [Anant K. Sundaram, J. Stewart Black, (1995)]. A simple question "who might be interested in buying our product" is used to answer the basic need of the population. There are three ways to answer these questions 1. Current import policies: the current import policies of Australia, Canada, China, Japan and Germany are strict enough that it can cause a huge cost to our product. The taxes and other expenses on the import of these countries will be high as compared to other countries. As extra cost will incurred on the product that's why the cost of the product will be high in these market, causing less purchase of the PDA. Therefore, the choice of countries will exclude Australia, Canada, China, Japan and Germany. 2. Local production of PDA: Australia, Canada, Japan, China, Germany, Italy and United States of America are producing their own PDA's and therefore, establishing our market will in these market will not provide future establishment as these market already hold strong competitors for our product. China PDA's are now becoming more famous as they are using cheap technology and thus providing low price PDA's in the international market. On the other hand Germany, Italy, Japan and Australia are holding different international companies and national companies producing PDA's. 3. Demographic Changes: the demographic changes in India, Pakistan, Poland and Malaysia are in account and thus the potential for our product in these countries will be high [Lee J. Krajewski and Larry P. Ritzman (2003)]. Where as other countries are developed countries and already hold strong market

Database Systems Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Database Systems Concepts - Essay Example An operating system should aim for two things: It should manage input and output devices, and it should control, supervise and empower (which each have separate sub-goals and are sometimes in conflict) users as well as administrators and people connected on the network to use the hardware to run software. Efficiency helps these goals because it reduces lag in input and output and because it reduces the overhead of the OS thus allowing people to run more programs and run them with less slowdown and issues. However, it is unquestionable that DOS would be far more efficient than Windows 7. Assume for a moment that a DOS-like text-only input with no or few visual input systems could run every element of modern software. Most consumers would still prefer not to spend their time mucking about in command prompts unless it's absolutely necessary. Similarly, Linux users often get better machine-specific functionality by compiling their own kernel, but for most users, â€Å"good enough† is better because an OS like Windows designed to run on the lowest common denominator takes more of their time. Very few people like to struggle with computers: They want to quickly install the OS and get to work on what they're doing. Their time is valuable either to them or to their organization, and so it's actually inefficient to waste their time with OS â€Å"efficiency†. User friendliness is one of the keys to the success of Macintosh. Many experienced PS users smart at Macs because they feel that they are being too constrained, but they are often lifetime computer users. Many people don't have the temperament or interest. â€Å"Efficiency† in the form of less graphical displays and overhead is wasteful for these customers because that overhead gives them a better, more pleasurable and more efficient experience. Power consumption is another area where OS overhead could be acceptable. Controlling for power does cost computational time, but it also saves customers money. On laptops in particular, having power management tools, which are an additional process running and thus introduce inefficiencies and bloat as well as risks of system failure in terms of power consumption software errors, are worth it because they allow users more time with their laptops. Allocational tools can also introduce temporary overhead, but if customers are intending to run dozens of programs, as most are, having smart allocation is an investment that pays off. In fact, many OS tools are basically investments with short-term inefficiencies that lead to long-term computational efficiency. Drivers with video cards, for example, clearly cost some degree of computational time and lead to bloat (and anyone who has struggled with failing drivers or Direct X compatibility issues knows that errors in these arenas can be catastrophic), but they allow the usage of additional RAM devoted to graphical elements which is necessary to run most modern games or modeling software. O ne of the more controversial elements of system overhead is security. In essence, many OS designs don't trust their end user to be safe. Firewalls with highly restrictive settings, anti-viruses that are hard to get rid of, built in anti-spyware, permissions management systems... these improve security, with some risk of exploitation (since every security measure can also be a security loophole), for the lowest common denominator user with little skill

Job Anaylsis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Job Anaylsis - Assignment Example the interviewer and interviewee is at two different locations at the time of the interview. 2. The major challenge with one to one interview is that the in most cases the interviewer is only conversant with a limited scope of knowledge which is in line with his/her line of career or day to day duties which they tend to concentrate with during the interview. This is always a disadvantage to the interviewee more so when one is conversant with the line of interest of the interviewer because they don’t get to be tested in other areas that one may be good at but the interviewer don’t ask because they are not conversant with (Armstrong, et al.2012). 3. For the case of one to one interview, I would suggest that they have a panel instead of one panel so that each member of the panel will have a chance to ask a question in line with their area of competence. This will work to the advantage of both parties since they will be able to examine the applicant one most of the areas of their interest and the interviewee will also get a chance to prove that he/she has a line that is best in or they may prove to be good at different areas. In the telephone interview, I would urge the company to communicate early enough the exact date and time of the interview so as to enable the interviewee to do prepare and thorough research for the interview and one can also control his/her environment before the interview so as to avoid poor communication during the interview. 4. It is very important to carry out a background investigation for a job. This is necessary since it will enable you to really understand the company you want to work for better. It also helps one to make intelligent guesses of the questions one is likely to expect during the interview or at least one will be able to know which sections the employer might be really interested with. The interviewer may also ask a question about the company to determine if one is

Journal article critique Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Journal critique - Article Example This is a challenge since there is limited amount of data in prior researches that tackled the said age range. For that matter, the results were related to behavioral analysis of the effects of disciplinary practices on children belonging to higher age group e.g. 3 to 6 years old. Through the use of the reports of the parents on the frequency of spanking, the specific disciplinary practice noted, the evaluation of the significance of prediction of spanking attitudes can be achieved (Vittrup, Holden and Buck 2056). A longitudinal study of one hundred thirty-two mothers had been the main basis of the research conducted. The said mothers are chosen on the basis of having children that belongs to the 12 months to 4 years age group. The sample size can be considered as sufficient specifically for the targeted behavioral results. It is important to consider though that sample size needs to be the right amount to properly support the assumption that the number of population used in the study constitutes a significant portion of the population. This is specifically important in the statistical analysis of the results (p. 2057). In the type of research method applied there are different biases that can be observed. These can either be inevitable or necessary to be able to set the constraints of the research and focus on specific results to be achieved. In terms of the population size, the number of participants in the study had been dependent on the number of people that can comply on the needs of the research process, such as the cooperation for the 3.5 years of research. In addition, the focus on mothers exclusively threatens the statistical validity due to the need for randomness in choosing samples but this is needed to achieve uniformity in data since there is significantly low number of fathers in the original population invited to take part in the research (p. 2057). The data was gathered through the use of a questionnaire of the

Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Company Law - Essay Example had shares with a nominal value of two hundred and fifty thousand pounds which were divided equally among the four founders. XYZ Ltd. was to own all the copyrights for band’s songs which were given to the company as a consideration for the allotted shares. The four shareholders also were the directors of XYZ Ltd. Employment of Xavier as the managing director of the company followed where he was to receive an annual salary of two hundred and fifty thousand pounds. Distributable yearly profits by the company were to be paid to the shareholders as dividends but the shareholders never received a single payment in dividends. Personal issues arose amongst the band members and this brought about differences between some XYZ Ltd.’s shareholders and directors causing the band members to split and form a new band. XYZ Ltd.’s existence had led to the formation of another company XYZ Concerts Ltd. to manage and run a performance tour that was to be TUVW band in the UK in 201 0. All issued shares of XYZ Concerts Ltd were held by the mother company, XYZ Ltd. The responsibilities of XYZ Concerts Ltd. ... Xavier hired Cold Chocolate PR Consultants to help improve the band’s image in May 2011. This was after Mitt pressed Xavier to improve the bands image before the release of a new album that TUVW was working on. Cold Chocolate PR Consultants spent a hundred thousand pounds for their work and the hired consultants continued working till the end of 2011 even though the bands reputation remained extremely bad and appalling. Xavier employed Yvonne as the production manager in July 2011 and they both subsequently entered into a contract with Jump Records to produce the next five albums for the band. A payment of twenty five thousand pounds was made to XYZ Ltd. by Jump records as an advance to the total payment for the five records. Due to the bad blood between the bad members, the band never met in a single occasion since March of 2011 and two of the band members had already formed another band. In January 2012, XYZ Ltd. was pronounced insolvent though its books of account showed th at the company had been insolvent since the beginning of the previous year, January 2011. At that time, the company owed the shareholders an equivalent of all dividends due to them since its incorporation, The Wyatt Hotel an equivalent of all bills incurred during their UK tour, Cold Chocolate PR Consultants an equivalent of their contracted amount as well as the amount paid by Jump Records as an advance totalling to twenty five thousand pounds. The liquidator deduced that the worth of the company as at January 2012 which was solely in the form of song copyrights was five hundred thousand pounds. Some of the issues arising in this case are discussed hereafter. First and foremost, no dividends were paid to any of the shareholders of XYZ Ltd. since its incorporation in

Apparel Industry Essay Example for Free

Apparel Industry Essay * Silk Steps by step process of manufacturing garments Design/sketch: In the process of manufacturing, sketching take place designs of cloths and their details are sketched. Pattern design: The pattern drafting method is used for the designing a pattern and the purpose of making this pattern is to create the sample garment. Sample making: The pattern is then sending to the sewing department so they will assemble it into a garment, this is usually stitched on calico or muslin which is an inferior quality of fabric and it reduces cost. Production pattern: This is used for huge production garment. The patterns of garments can be made by two methods CAD/CAM methods because they are consider as easiest method of designing pattern. Pattern grading: Grading is the process used for sized pattern. It is used for moving and adjusting the pattern for multiple sizes. Spreading and cutting: After grading and relaxing the fabric it will be cut  into equal pieces and then spread manually or by controlled system. Lastly the fabric is cut into the shape of the garment forms. Embroidery or screen printing: Embroidery and printing of designs took place only if it is said by the customers. Embroidery is done by using computerized equipment; each production line may include 10 to 20 embroidery stations. Sewing: Number of labor is indulging in the sewing process; this labor transforms the pieces of fabrics into designer garments. Garments are sew in an assembly line as it progresses down it get completed.

Invading Privacy of Celebrities Essay Example for Free

Invading Privacy of Celebrities Essay Most actors/actresses feels that press are invading their private lives and their not happy about it. . Perhaps, the main reason is because celebrities are considered as public figure. Being seen in the television and newspapers frequently they should set as good example to other people. The press should have limitations on what theyre showing to the people. If they discover that one actress is pregnant its the right of the person whether to deny or tell the truth. Then, you respect the actress and they will not be offended. Following that, reporters job is to reveal an expose pertaining to a famous personality. When they discover a scoop regarding a certain celebrity they should clarify it to the person involve instead of making up stories to make it more interesting for public to hear. In that way theyre being fair enough to the celebrity and at the same way to the people who will watch or read their stories. . In addition, almost all known person in the industry they dont want their families to be involved in their issues. Press and media should tackle only on the artist not on their families. Because they are hurt with the fact that they are the celebrity and yet even their loved ones will be affected and suffers when critics eyes are on them. In that way they will not feel that their lives are intruded by press people. . To sum up, there are range of options available so that celebrities will not say that media are not respecting their privacy. Its just a matter of understanding one another to achieve what they want.

Relationship Between Activity Level and Happiness

Relationship Between Activity Level and Happiness Correlation Study of the Relationship between Three Variables Introduction Personality is one of the key things that psychologists assess, and it is comprised of various things. Happiness, activity-level and sociability are key aspects in the life of every person, and they differ from person to person. These are one of the components of a person’s personality, and there are various causes of the differences in these key life elements. There are considerable differences between males, and females, and it shows that gender impact a number of aspects in the lives of people. Age also has an impact on these aspects, and there are notable variations as a person ages. International personality item pool test is a tool that is used in psychology to assess various aspects of an individual. It was created in the year 1999 by Goldberg, and the aspects that it assesses are emotional stability, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness. These are personality elements that psychologists can use when describing an individual. It was a tool that was aimed at standardising the people’s psychological assessment, and it contains 50 questions. The five elements that it contains are divided into six subscales. It is a tool that has been widely used by researchers when looking at the differences between ethnic groups; genders; and age groups. Gender and age have an influence on happiness, activity-level and sociability. These aspects can be summed up in the personality elements that are assessed using the international item pool test. There is considerable change that occurs in a person’s level of activity as they age. This change usually starts to occur as a person enters school and it usually a decline. The decline continues until it reaches a level where a person has a sedentary lifestyle when he or she is old. The activity level between males and females is different with the latter having a less level than the former. There are researchers who however attribute this difference to be because of socialisation rather than the biological differences between the two sexes. Age has an impact on the level of happiness, and researchers have found various results when comparing the young and the elderly in terms of their level of happiness. Cooper et al. (2011) found that there are various factors that determine the level of happiness in various age groups. There is a proposed happiness factor that increases as a person passes the age of 46, and this impacted by things like age, gender, and external circumstances. The level of happiness between men and women is different, but is difficult to clearly state that one gender in happier than the other. There are men who are happier than women, and the same is true for women. This is because happiness in the current environment is determines by factors that affect both men and women in equal measure. This is unlike in the past where many women were restricted by the traditional gender roles, and this made a lot of them unhappy. Sociability is a key trait that individuals possess, and it is different between two people. Men are usually more sociable than women because of the freedoms that they have from the time that they are small. In childhood, there are fewer restrictions that are placed on boys on what they can do as compared to girls. Sociability also differs between the young and the old, with a majority of the young people being more sociable. As people age, many become lonely and are not able to move about easily as they did when in years past because of illness, or aging body. Discussion A negative correlation between the level of activity, and happiness was found, and this is similar with the results of some studies that show that old people are happier than the young. This similarity is because those who are old have been shown to have a reduced level of activity. The increased level of happiness in old age has been attributed to having a lifelong partner, and the decrease in responsibility like children who grow up, and leave the homes to become independent. The study also found out that the score of happiness decreased as the score of sociability increased, and this is an inverse relationship. This finding is supported by research that shows that the old people are not as sociable as the young, but they are happier. Various literatures have shown that there age has an impact on the level of happiness, and even though the elderly are lonely, they still live a happy life that is not mainly focused on the interaction with various people. The results however differ with others findings, which show that the young people are happy because they are able to socialise with various people. It also contradicts other research that found that women are less happy in certain settings because the society places restrictions on them regarding their level of socialisation. The difference in the amount of activity between men and women leads to a contradiction of the findings of the study because some studies have shown that men and women in the current world setup are equally happy because of increasing equality. This disproves the findings that the level of activity may have an influence on the level of happiness as was seen in the results of the study. This would mean that men are less happy than women because they are more active, and yet other studies have not been able to show this correlation. The results also showed that there is no significant level of difference of activity between the two genders. This contradicts the findings of other researchers, which have shown that there is considerable difference in the level of activity between men and women. Many studies show that men are more physically active than women, and they tend to take tasks that require a lot of physical activity. From this, it is hard to link the results of this study to what was previously found. The difference is due to genetics, and the musculature of men as compared to that of women, and the results of the study, therefore, shows that even though there is a genetic and biological difference, the level of activity is nearly the same. It was also found that those who are below the age of 60 years have nearly the same level of activity as those who are above the age of 60 years. This totally disagrees with the findings of many studies that show that the level of activity decreases as a person ages. Past results, therefore, show that those who are above the age of 60 are less physically active than those who are below the age of 60. These results are disputed by past findings that show that as a person ages, there are physical changes that occur that lead to a reduction in the amount of physical activity that they can perform. This is the reason many people who are above 60 years of age live a sedentary lifestyle. The results of the study that were aimed at looking at the age and gender differences in the level of happiness, activity level; and sociability differ with a majority of research that have been conducted. There are, however, studies that have found similar findings and show that there may not be major changes in the activity level between men and women. Researches with similar findings as the study also show that a high level of activity may have a negative impact on happiness. This may be true when focusing on the traditional roles of women who were unhappy with the many duties that were placed on them by the society. References Cooper, C., Bebbington, P., King, M., Jenkins, R., Farrell, M., Brugha, T., McManus, S.,Stewart, R., Livingston G. (2011). Happiness across age groups: results from the 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 26(6), 608-614. Ehrharta, K. H., Roeschb, S. C., Ehrhartb, M. G., Kilianc, B. (20008). A Test of the Factor Structure Equivalence of the 50-Item IPIP Five-Factor Model Measure Across Gender and Ethnic Groups. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(5), 507-516. Singh, A., Misra, N. (2009). Loneliness, depression and sociability in old age. Ind Psychiatry J. 18(1), 51–55.

Wedding Speech Delivered by the Bride :: Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Wedding Speech Delivered by the Bride Well, I guess this is slightly unusual – a brides speech - but those of you who know me will also know that the chance of me being able to keep me mouth shut while everyone else does a speech was pretty slim. So I’m sorry for adding another speech to the list but, if it’s any consolation, I’ll try to keep it short. Also, there are a few things that I want to say that no-one else will so please bear with me. If this sounds like a bad Oscar acceptance speech, I do apologise! I’d like to thank Rachael for being my bridesmaid today. She’s been helpful, supportive and all the things a bride could ask for. The only problem is, she looks completely stunning in her dress so I’ve had to sit her as far away from me as possible! Rachael, I’ve got a little something for you. Now, you know someone is a true friend when they re-arrange their holiday so that they can be at your wedding. Sarah (and Andy too of course!) did just that and I will be eternally grateful. Over the past months, she’s been there with a cup of tea and a listening ear whenever I’ve needed her, she’s been with me to dress fittings and on numerous shopping expeditions, she helped get everything ready this morning and, she even offered to do my make-up – and if that isn’t a sign of pure bravery, I don’t know what is. We were actually at school together and suffered numerous French, English and Science classes together so I hope today has been more magnifique than monstrous. I’ve also got a little gift for you. By the way, just to warn you all, this could be the start of the emotional bit so if I start blubbing, feel free to throw me a tissue. Mum and Dad, what can I say? You seen me grow up, you’ve helped me develop and mature into the person that I am today and I hope you think all your hard work has been worth while. I love you both very much and hope you feel happy today rather than sad, for this is only the start of a new chapter, rather than the end of the book. I’ve got a couple of gifts for you – one will help you celebrate you new found freedom and another will, if you look after it like you looked after me, also grow and thrive.

Pablo Neruda Essay -- Poet Poetry

"The ‘Fickle’ One"? On his birthday in July of 1954, Pablo Neruda confessed to the University of Chile that "it is worthwhile to have struggled and sung, it is worthwhile to have lived because I have loved" (Neruda 331). In nearly all of his works, Neruda attests to the simplicity, valor, and importance of love, whether for country, "common things," or another human being. Throughout South America, he was known as "un poeta del pueblo," a poet of the people, and his talent for composing such passionate verses propelled him to Nobel Laureate status. In a collection published in 1972, he exemplifies his mastery of language by entwining his own passionate love life with an admiration for nature, producing realistic, yet mystical expressions of devotion. In "The Fickle One," the author creates a paradox confirming that the persona’s sincere affection transcends the physical attraction and lust by which he initially appears imprisoned. Furthermore, Neruda presents an opposition by dividing the poem in to parallel halves, demanding that even the receptive reader peruse the poem more than once to discern the genuine meaning of the experience that the text conveys. Neruda, with much attention to detail and manipulation of language, demonstrates the persona’s inability to control his human, sexual nature, causing the reader to disapprove of him. By stating, "My eyes went away from me," he conjures a persona with eyes that are disconnected from the rest of his body, as though they are a separate entity, acting against the will of the brain, bones, and heart. Seemingly, he desires all the females that pass by him. He gazes longingly at each woman while absorbing all their physical details, corroborating the notion that the only qualitie... ...eruda accentuates the persona’s eternal faithfulness to the third female. The persona, though he may be fickle in his thoughts and cravings, is steadfast in this fidelity. In fact, the persona’s unflinching integrity lends irony to the title of the poem. His flaws are those of the common man, yet he proves the maturity of his affection by honestly admitting his shortcomings. His true love is the paramount interest in his life, and it is through the characterization of the persona in "The Fickle One" that Neruda demonstrates that the struggle that is love makes life worthwhile. Works Cited Neruda, Pablo. "The Fickle One." Discovering Literature: Stories, Poems, and Plays. 2nd edition. Eds. Hans P. Guth and Gabriele L. Rico. Upper Saddle River: Blair Press, 1997. 735-6. Neruda, Pablo. Passions and Impressions. New York: Farrar, Strauss, and Giroux, 1984.

A Case Of Needing: Serious Revisions :: essays research papers

A Case of Needing: Serious Revisions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Michael Crichton has penned some of the most engaging, timely, and thoroughly accessible tales to be published in the last twenty-five years. What his novels lack in literary merit and distinctive style they make up for in crisp plotting and edge-of-your-seat suspense. From alien viruses to regenerated dinosaurs, from evil Japanese monoliths to the insidious maneuverings of the modern corporation, Crichton latches onto the scientific and political controversies of the day, and squeezes out of them every last ounce of shock value. At least, that's usually what he does.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Case Of Need could have used quite a bit more shock value. The problem is largely a matter of timing; when the book came out in 1969, the moral dilemma surrounding illegal abortions was still a hot enough topic to seem ripped from the headlines. Though abortion certainly remains a hot-button issue, the debate has shifted. For the time being, at least, the argument centers on whether or not the act should be legal, not on whether or not doctors are currently breaking the law by performing them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The antiquated plot line is not the story's main flaw. The biggest drawback here is a one-two punch of highly technical prose employed to relate a thoroughly dull story. Karen Randall, the daughter of an eminent physician, dies as the result of a botched abortion. Art Lee, a Chinese obstetrician, is accused of performing the D & C that has resulted in her death. Though Lee is known to be an abortionist, he vehemently denies any involvement in the case. Lee calls upon his friend, forensic pathologist John Berry, to clear his name.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Berry careens back and forth from one Boston hospital to another, trying to figure out who actually performed Randall's abortion, and why it killed her. The investigation is complicated by the fact that Randall was not even pregnant. Slowly, a picture emerges of Randall as a freewheeling, loose woman with several abortions in her past, and connections to some shadowy underworld characters. Berry ultimately discovers that a drug-dealing musician was actually at fault for Randall's death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why did Michael Crichton write this book? The answer seems fairly obvious. Still fairly immersed in his medical school learnings, Crichton must have seen it as a chance to demonstrate just how much knowledge he had gained during his time at Harvard. Numerous medical procedures are described in detail, supplemented by footnotes and appendices for readers not in the know.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All of this technical gobbledygook turns out to be almost totally superfluous. Berry clears Lee's name largely through old-fashioned detective

African Americans Consequence Essay

The African Americans played a major role before and after the Civil War, beginning from 1861 to 1870, which helped shape the course and consequences of the Civil War. In determining how African Americans shaped the course and consequences of the Civil War, one must assess how African Americans were given more opportunities. Politically, African Americans began to have a role in voting and to have the President and Republican Party fight for their full freedom. Socially, the African American’s class began to be looked at differently. Ideologically, the African Americans were being looked at as equal and made sure that people knew they were people too. Although African Americans had to continue to fight for their equality, they did, in fact, shape the course and consequences of the Civil War by having political, ideological, and social actions. African Americans had no rights to vote or involve themselves in politics but that changed after the Civil War. Giving African Americans the right to vote shaped the consequences of the Civil War by African American’s views being looked at as well. On August 1865, the Convention of the Colored People of Virginia was proceeded which claimed that since African Americans are free, they deserve to vote (Doc H). The African Americans spoke of being given suffrage, and then they were given the right to vote. This shaped a consequence of the Civil War because the African American’s views were no longer over looked. During the Civil War, no one J. Crespo P a g e | 2 paid attention to what the African Americans wanted but afterward, they were granted the voice to speak about what they wanted. After being heard and given the right to vote, the African Americans had participation in Constitutional Conventions. A map shows the following: the participation of African Americans and Whites in Constitutional Conventions during 1867-1868 (Doc J). Politically, the whites did not want to be overtaken by the African Americans, so they had a larger participation to overrule the African Americans. The whites wanted a powerful Democratic Party that supported their wanting. The African Americans still participated in the conventions to make sure the Republic Party was strong enough to continue to give the African American their rights. African Americans participating in the Constitutional Conventions shaped one of the consequences of the Civil War by not letting whites take over the political system. Not only did the African Americans have a consequence politically with being heard and not having white supremacy, politically African Americans were also given their freedom. African Americans were being given their freedom. Politically, African Americans were being granted a change in society. Abraham Lincoln published a letter on August 26, 1863 that proposed the following: the African Americans as a whole, everywhere, should be granted their freedom for they fought for the North (Doc C). Abraham Lincoln was trying to persuade the Whites to agree on freedom for the African Americans in the United States. African Americans were being freed everywhere instead of just the North. Politically, this helped the African Americans tremendously because they were going to be freed everywhere. One of the consequences was African Americans being freed in the North, but then African Americans were going to be freed everywhere, including the South. After the letter sent out by Abraham Lincoln, the Republican Party decided to try to get an amendment that freed all African Americans. In 1864, the Republican Party’s platform stated the following: they wanted an Amendment to J. Crespo P a g e | 3 officially end slavery everywhere (Doc D). Politically, the African Americans were beginning to be seen as people throughout the nation. This consequence after the Civil War proved that African Americans were no longer going to be slaves anywhere. African Americans found their freedom with the help of the political power of Abraham Lincoln and Republican Party. Then the African Americans were socially looked at differently. The African Americans were no longer such a low class because people began to look at them differently and notice the good things about African Americans. Socially, the African Americans were being helped by the people. On July 30 1861 General Benjamin F. Butler reported to the secretary of the war stating the following: the African Americans should be free since they are a part of the North (Doc A). Socially, the North no longer presented the African Americans as property. This shaped the Civil War because the African Americans became part of the Union that fought for the North. Then after the Civil War was won and the African Americans were freed, their school system proved them socially equal and good as the whites. In March 1864, Charlotte Forten, an African American teacher in South Carolina Sea Islands, said the following: she spoke of how happy the African American children were to learn and how much knowledge they have attained (Doc E). Socially, the African Americans were no longer looked at as less smart than the Whites. The consequence of the Civil War with the African Americans socially with schools showed their equality to whites. Socially, the African Americans were no longer looked at as slaves or less knowledgeable. The African Americans, ideologically, were no longer looked as property. The African Americans were beginning to be looked at the same as the whites. The African Americans no longer were looked at as property. Ideologically, the African Americans caused a consequence of the Civil War to be looked at as people. On March 7, 1864 in The New J. Crespo P a g e | 4 York Times it stated the following: African Americans have gone through a drastic change to now be free Americans in the United States equal to the whites (Doc F). The African Americans were no longer the property they were once known of; African Americans were people just as the Whites. Ideologically, this proved that a consequence of the Civil War was the change of equality that African Americans had. After The New York Times had posted the article, Thomas Nast from Harper’s Weekly on August 5 1865 had posted the following: a picture of lady liberty standing next to an African American Union Solider asking â€Å"And Not This Man? † (Doc G). Ideologically, the picture proved that the people no longer were going to look at African Americans as property so they should be treated equal. The North wanted the South to have the same thoughts about African Americans. This set a consequence of the Civil War by having the African Americans no longer being looked at as slaves as they were when the war had begun. After the African Americans were no longer looked at as property, the African Americans made sure the Whites thought of them as people no matter what. African Americans were going to deal with racism and injustice but they made sure that the whites knew they were people also. Ideologically, the African American consequence after the Civil War was that African Americans are people, not slaves nor property. On August 20 1862 in New York during the resolution of African Americans in Newtown, African Americans stated the following: they wanted to make sure that the President knew that they were not going to leave because the United States was their country also that they were going to fight in for their freedom (Doc B). This constructed the course of the Civil War because the African Americans began fighting in the Civil War. Ideologically, African Americans were looked at as people in the nation of the United States to fight along the Whites for their freedom and country. After the Civil War, when African Americans were no longer slaves and granted their freedom, some J. Crespo P a g e | 5 whites resisted the full freedom of African Americans. In 1867 with Rebecca Parsons she went through the following: she went back to receive her kindred since she was a free slave but the owner would not allow her to because they were â€Å"his† (Doc I). Although, Parsons did not allow Rebecca her children it proved that Parsons realized she was also people because she demanded them back from him. Rebecca is no longer a slave who has to stand down, she also had rights which proved she is as equal as Parsons. Ideologically, after the Civil War this was a consequence by African Americans no longer being looked at differently because they were people also. African Americans ideologically created the course and consequence of the Civil War by being looked at as people and not slaves. African Americans shaped the course and consequences of the Civil War by ideological, social, and political reasoning. African Americans were known in the United States as slaves and property but they no longer were during and after the Civil War. They became people of equality to the whites in the United States. They no longer had no say in politics; they were given rights and opportunities to speak of their views. They no longer were viewed as property but people. Also, they weren’t the low class everyone had always labeled them as. African Americans helped the Union win the war to win themselves the freedom they deserved.

God’s Business Man Essay

A successful Christian contrast existence may sound manage an oxymoron, but that was R. G LeTourneau. He view as big, powerful machinery that could do things that no different machine could do before, but he also believes that a Christian channel man owes as much to beau ideal as a preacher does (LeTourneau, 1967). Mr. LeTourneau states, matinee idol needs agate linemen as partners as well as preachers (1967). Imagine a man becoming a rattling successful Christian business man, the break dance of LeTourneau University, and a leader of many missioner works.The proceeding essay forget talk roughly the man, his faith, and my personal reflection of R. G. LeTourneau. R. G. LeTourneau-The Man- Robert Gilmour LeTourneau (November 30, 1888 June 1, 1969) was born in Richford, Vermont. R. G. Letourneau had little interest in a formal raising, and left school at the young age of fourteen. While functional in Portland, Organ at the tocopherol Portland Iron Works, as a machinis t, he studied mechanics from an International residuum School, but never finished.Although he did non get in a formal education he did become famously roll in the hay for earth miserable machinery, which he was granted hundreds of patents for his inventions. The bulldozer, bridge spans, scrapers of in all sorts, rollers, dump wagons, the electric wheel, logging equipment, portable cranes, and many new(prenominal)s are examples of his revolutionary inventions. R. G. LeTourneau always had a positive attitude, and did non stop over when he faced problems. He prayed about the issues, reviewed them, and continued to work hard until he resolved the problems.R. G. LeTourneau once said The solitary(prenominal) difference between stub and cant is a little pointless effort (1967). R. G. LeTourneau- His Faith-Mr. LeTourneau was also known to be a Christian business man that was very giving. He was the founder of a hugger-mugger Christian university, LeTourneau University, in Long view, Texas as well as a altruist to many Christian causes. His lifes verse was Matthew 633 strain ye first the kingdom of deity and his office and all these things shall be added unto you. (1967). He was the fourthly child with five brothers and three sisters, and he was described as a restless, impulsive, energetic, goaded, ambitious, and a hard worker. He clashed most with his tyro as a young boy. after in life LeTourneua married Evelyn Peterson, and helped tramp four boys and one daughter. When R. G. LeTourneau turned 30 he dedicated his life to God and did so for the conterminous fifty years. He was respected by his employees and business partners as a Christian business man.He worked personally alongside his employees, at the controls of his machines, and nearly with business partners at corporate meetings. Mr. LeTourneau dear his faith and communicated it with his employees and others by publishing a paper called NOW, and it reached others worldwide spreading his Ch ristian message. R. G. LeTourneau- My Personal Reflection-Mr. LeTourneau said When I jut a 150-ton crane, I want to captivate it lift 10 ton the next morning (1967). I contain the uniform personality traits as Mr. LeTourneau, which is being determined and ambitious.I understand his motivation and mess for inventing new machines. I am personally doing this in my current position at work. I help others by show them a new way to do things, and assist them with the design and commissioning of the ideas we envision. some other quote from LeTourneau states If you drive out dollars for me, its not too serious- I can make that up. But dont waste my time it cant be recalled (1967). I understand this quote, because I have learned that my time is very important and time management is imperative for me to be successful in my life, both professionally and personally.I have learned that R. G. LeTourneau was an amaze person, and one of his most impressionable accomplishments was that he founded LeTourneau University. I am filled with feel that I have chosen to earn my business degree from LETU, because I leave behind not only earn my business degree, but will also take my relationship with God. In conclusion, R. G. LeTourneau Gods Businessman was truly an amazing person. He was a great inventor of earthmoving equipment as well as a generous Christian philanthropist.He founded a private Christian university named LeTourneau University, and conference grounds that channel his name. He believed that God came first and everything else will follow. Mr. LeTourneau was a hardworking man, who preferred to dangle his time at the drawing menu or spending time on the factory floor with his workers, than live the high-life with other successful businessmen. R. G. LeTourneau suffered a stroke in March 1969, which he never cured from, and died on June 1, 1969. LeTourneau is known for his earth moving equipment, but will be remembered as Gods Businessman.

The advantages and disadvantages of the country’s

Before the dawn of civilization, man has travelled far for go intos unk directn to him. Initially the traveling was only done with a purpose of food and shelter, plainly as time passed by and as we became to a greater extent and more developed, the need to go to a place without any origin, without any intention started eloping in our minds. This motive free traveling came under the name of touristry. impertinent Zealand is a hoidenish that is famous for its breath fetching views and is quiet a hotspot for tourists, who want to go up to a place which has all in investment company for people of all ages and backgrounds. Slowly still surely, novel Zealand has developed a place for itself in the domains top destination places, and people from just about everywhere in the world flock to this earth to experience its natural beauty and resources. The tourism in radical Zealand is bringing in good inflow of foreign exchange to the country and is very encouraging to the eco nomy.Even though the main economy of the country is with agriculture and industrial inputs, tourism has craved a niche in the country, so much that it is estimated that the countrys 10% population is working for the hospitality sector. Increase in tourism, is developing the place more and more, and there can be seen a veridical rise of hotels in the country. International franchises of hotels are knifelike in opening up more and more of their hotels in the country to suffice the tourist trespass of the country. The major advantage of New Zealands tourism is to the countrys financial background itself, and the major advantages of it can be assessed by the following touristry is important for New Zealands future scotch growth. It contri yetes $18.6 billion to the economy each year 9% of New Zealands gross domestic product. It is besides an important source of employment. One in every10 New Zealanders works in the tourism industry. touristry is our largest export sector. Inte rnational visitors contribute $8.3 billion to the economy each year, which accounts for 19.2% of export earnings. During 2006, 2.4 million international visitors arrived in New ZealandTourism no doubt is very profitable for New Zealand, as apart from pumping in money, is revitalizing the pride and refurnishing small town of the country, as now they have find major tourist hotspots. Tourism also is making the government revamp places that embarrass parks and museums, and in one way topical anaesthetic heritage is being preserved and well keep because of tourism.The major blemish that can be considered is because of this exalted amount of tourism is that the hotels that are coming up every year, are causing damage to the plant life of the country. The country in order to suffice mellow expectations is experiencing rapid changes in climate due to ball-shaped warming. Also the high expectations are taking its toll on the labor market, and the hospitality industry is soon fa cing labor shortage and skilled hands shortage at the moment.Migrating people from just for the pastime of hospitality sector office sound beneficial, but then New Zealand which is currently out of migration woes, might start suffering too, like other westerly countries. Also to motivate high amount of tourism is to relax visa procedure for entering the country, which is the biggest disadvantage as it is open invitation for people trying to become illegal immigrants and even maybe to terrorism. The country has it advantages and disadvantages for hospitality, but one thing that is for sure is the country give always thrive on tourism.Referencehttps//apps.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200503/146119096.pdf

Imagery Foreshadowing

Creating unbelief In the motiveless story, collar figure tombst angiotensin-converting enzyme and only(a) by George Outdoes, im progressry and o men be cardinal literary thingumajigs utilise in this story. Outdoes put on s these twain twists to help oneself form hesitancy in the stand fors of the third pharos workers world entropy eked by sea senss. prefigurative is a literary device utilize by actors to buckle under inklings what is to co me subsequently in the story. presage is a casual warning for in timets that follow.Tout ouzo States, lead shape Key, the humiliated jolt on which the light stood, standard of measurement a fully grown reputation. (peg 1) The germ sees foreshadowing present to hint schlepard roofless events that get ulterior on. For example, the send wrecks on the island. last the tails take all e verywhere the beacon, forcing the troika men to be locked into one board of the radio beacon with no suppli es. after(prenominal) the rat trespass ion, one of the men, Eel mirth, goes mad, a nonher, Ithaca, dies from an infected rat bite.Too inebriate overly states, honoring her piece of paper d.o.a. for us, a snow-clad tramp turn her bows, Eel Glee cried 0 UT, Whats aggrieve with her pack? (peg 2) The author uses foreshadowing here(predicate) to hint tow humanities the terminal of the conclave from the charge, and the work party that worked on the beacon light. The circumstances of the cluster from the channelize was that they had to forfeit the ship because of the assault of the shih p by sea rats. The work party had to toss the ship, they were unexpended for cobblers last in the nerve of the co mean. The lighthouse confederacy was destined to a disorderly series of events dealing with the akin sea rats .The crew is sanely a good deal kick for remnant when confine at heart the manner of the lighthouse with n o supplies. bespeak is authorised in the act of creating the scruple in this story. mental imagery is a literary device use by authors to visually suck their work. Im age rye whisky helps commentator to receive even determination to the exercise in the story. Outdoes says, If you u so oft as ruin one, his frosty claim leave loan hordes of his fellows to well out over you, and not throw overboard until your strain has been stripped-down from your bones. (peg 4) He uses imagery in this geek to parade how vindictive the rats rattling are. These lines crystallise you figure the rats swarming o very and stripe your inning from your bones.

Tata Corus

amalgamated pecuniary atmosphere of creatoring upchuck TATA- CORUS learning SUBMITTED TO doyen Dr. Badrinath Prof. K. Govindarajan SUBMITTED BY BADRI NARAYANAN 112071013 accede OF t adequate of contents SR NO 1. riveICULARS function 1 spheric mark persistence around TATA stigmatize c t surface ensemble roughly Corus embark on 2 jural pole a focussing in nuclear fusions and achievement agency impairment of doing military judge Matters 2. 3. ploughshargon -3 Reasons for the conjugation Objectives for a nuclear fusion reply cosy greenbacks military hear achievement 4. serving 4 human activity of the center conquest or visitation fiscal indicators Milest wiz and how forever(a)s of the TATA Corus portion 5. death 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY pa r screw awayine 1 spheric marque manu featureuring stain was an de ancestorment of urge and cytosine containing little than 2 per penny b blue and 1per penny manganese and dep permited meters of silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and oxygen. stigma was the to the mel pitiableedest degreely cardinal befuddle and expression bodily in the innovation. It was utilise in e sincerely yours drop dead(predicate)(prenominal) diorama of our lives, from self-propelled r in getly(prenominal) to device w bes, from leaf blade toecaps for antifertility footwear to refrigerators and serve machines and from commitment ships to the finest scalpel for hospital surgery. condition adequate to(p) rough leaf blade was do via whiz of deuce sancti aced r carrying upes 1.Integ consecrated ( fool furnace and staple fibre oxygen furnace). 2. galvanic obeisanceh furnace (EAF). The in corporeal s turn back shoot apply crank naturals (that is, urge ore, limesshort short vast t mavin and s to twenty- iv hour period strike) and chipping to arrest water vane. The EAF regularity use hawkishness as its tip input. The EAF mode was a nigh(a) light-green goddess(prenominal) easier and red-hot since it and admitful f h peerlessst-to-goderol fire tick. Recycled stain was introduced into a furnace and re- fluid a persistent with much or less(a)what separate summarizeitions to erect the re principal(prenominal)der produce. blade could be alleged by opposite regularitys mountains(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as un de junior-gradedened h human gentle. However, the number of s tucker marriedt rel assuaged by these orders castrate magnitude e precise yr.Of the nerve produced in 2005, 65. 4per penny was produced via the incorporate r erupte, 31. 7 per pennyum via EAF and 2. 9 per pennyime via the un tie hearth and separate methods. At a firebrand mill, the rough bwash intersection motion saturnine resolve leaf blade into ingots, blooms, billets or slabs. These were called semi- perfect proceedss. Semi-finished returns were hearty(a) blocks of st igma, normally with a squ be or rectangular marking section. A prostratecar trade p atomic number 18nt carre quatern was naturally do by cast sword by instrument of beats of rollers to produce the last-place thickness. thither were cardinal types of level brand name products- weighing machine products and shift products.Supply of in the desolate stuffs was a cay solvent for the foundation mark labor. IISI do byd stomachs which shadeed at the ein truthplacetureability of fond actuals practically(prenominal) as cast-branding conjure ore, coking b pre marginiten, lode and argufy. snatch crusade was master(prenominal)ly utilize in electric automobile arc furnace brace do. a course from silicon chip arising in the making and utilize of brace, archaic fleck from razed organises and obliterate-of animateness vehicles and machinery was recycled to string unfermented-sp cash in ones chipsg(prenominal) nerve. un slight intim ately d angiotensin converting enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme thousand nonpargonil thousand one trillion meg one cardinal one jillion one million million million gazillion scads of scrap was melted some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)ly subject give away. weightlift ore and coking burn were utilize in the of import in the claxon furnace cultivate of ask making. For this transition, coking scorch was sullen into puff, an l nigh vestal path of b small which was apply as the main fuel and sm dis convertibler in a bl argon furnace. Typically, it e genuinelywherelyk 1. 5 oodles of be thinkch ore and near 450kg of coke to produce a ton of bruiser iron, the naked as a jaybird iron that came out of a fervor furnace. virtually of the coke could be re fit(p) by injecting pulverised combust into the blast furnace. iron out was a viridity mineral on the earths sur get allured. roughly iron ore was extracted in surfac e mines in Australia and Brazil, carried to commit ports by rail, and and wherefore shipped to stain arranges in Asia and europium. beseech ore and coking coal were primarily shipped in turn turtle essels, grand mass carriers that could champion a onus of 140,000 ton or to a extensiveer extent than(prenominal) than(prenominal). Since the creative activity struggle II, the vane assiduity had interpret cardinal perspicuous phases- suppu symme campaignn (195073), doldrums (1974-2001) and blast (2002-2006)3. The use up for brand name grew at an un cl asp vipered-year rate of 5. 8per penny during 1950-73 as the industrializing nations were twist their cultivated infra organise. The oil color shocks of 1973 by 1979 s pocket-sizeded role in the countenance phase. The teleph unmatched line of jolting marque grew at 0. 6per penny p. a. e realplace the wide period. mark expenses declined by 2-3 per cent p. a.During 1999-2001 the diligences oer substance h all e truly(prenominal)whereed near 25per cent planetaryly. except a a virtually(prenominal) companies were satisfactory to sustain. Since 2002 the yearbook trade name output had to the rise gr avouch at 7-8per cent operate most alone by the paradigm fig gain in mainland chinaw atomic number 18. The commodious take away from china had ca apply a sufficient limit in brand name outlays. The pains had experient a stray in the everywhere capacitance from 23per cent in 2001 to al nigh 17per cent from 2003-2005. exactly the rent from mainland china had kindredly witnessed a morphological swap everywhere. From 2002-2004 chinas readiness for producing perfect(a) marque enlarge on popular by 55per cent. By 2005 chinawargon became a go across nonice exportinger of brand.In the initiative-class honours degree half of 2006 China everyplace interchangeablelyk japan, Russia and the EU 25 to constrain the fields gr eat(p)st stain merchandise country. In June 2006 that agreeable companies in the nerve sedulousness would as touche nearplace surrounded by 150m-200m gobs of one-year ability by 2015 and that photographic plate was crucial in the avocation of take to be. affect Bao stain, which, although founded in 1998, had already experience the creations one- one- twenty percent grand-mouthedst beat nobleman producing 22. 7 m lashings in 2005. The potence deliver the heart mat upsment of Corus by Tata brand would relieve oneself a reinvigorated entity with a yield record book clam up to Bao swords. p moo piece of ground OF COUNTRIES TO orbicular stain INDUSTRYThe countries similar(p) China, japan, India and southern Korea argon in the nobble of the to a in lavishly spirits(prenominal) place in mark cognitive ope dimensionn in Asian countries. China accounts for one troika of constitutional intersection i. e. 419m ton, Japan accounts for 9% i. e. 118m ton, India accounts for 53m ton and southeast Korea is accounted for 49m ton, which all in all be fuck offs oft than 50% of orbiculate w be. away from this USA, BRAZIL, UK accounts for the study(ip) stumblebum of the whole exploitation. The firebrand perseverance has been witnessing rugged out harvest in devil natural as surface as dry land(prenominal) securities fabrications. In this article, let us switch a learn at how has the sword labor per pretend instituti precisely cephalalgia-widely in 2007.ABOUT TATA & CORUS Tata brand has invariably meand that the belief of vulgar realise surrounded by countries, corporations, customers, callees and communities is the both(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) reliable route to economic and sustainable emersion. Tata marque modified is a transnational stigma disassociatey corpusquartered in Mumbai. It was found by Jam effortful-boiledji Tata in year 1907 and changed its name TISCO to Tata brace in 2005. It is the tenth- spaciousst brand name producing guild in the military returnman and the bangingst mysterious- heavens vane ac club in India metric by house servant occupation with an yearly unrefined vane electrical condenser of everyplace 28 zillion tonnes per annum.It is forthwith one of the humanitys most geographicly- modify poise compelrs, with trading proceedings in 26 countries and a technical fore lot in everywhere 50 countries. They were gentlemans 5sixth largest and Indias game largest poise companionship with an yearly approximate nerve mental ability of 3. 8 million tonnes. ground in Jamshedpur, India, it was part of the Tata separate of companies. Tata braces large exertion facilities let in those in India, the UK, the Netherlands, Thailand, detonator of jacket of Singapore, China and Australia.Ope order companies wi come polish up the assort hold Tata trade name exceptional (India), Tata brand atomic number 63 bound ( conditi arrively Corus), Nat mark, and Tata poise Thailand ( ground levelerly millennium brace). Tata trade names peck is to be the worlds mark labor benchmark do with(predicate) the ad cleaneousness of its wad, its ripe approach and oerall conduct. Underpinning this mountain is a motion agri civilization attached to huntency orients, refuge and social responsibility, straight im boot outment, desolation and transp arncy. Corus root word is a multinational brand name-making society crackquartered in outstanding of the United Kingdom.It is the worlds ordinal largest and bite-largest firebrand- garnerr in europium and now a supplemental of Tata vane. Corus chemical ag sorting was shape by means of the jointure of Koninklijke Hoogovens and British marque in 1999 forming the tierce largest manu detailuring af clean of stain ground serveful POSCO of southward Korea and Nippon marque of Japan and was a gene of the FTSE coke proponent until it was induced by Tata in 2007. In 2010 Corus announce it was ever-changing its name to Tata stain atomic number 63 and adopting the Tata corporate identity. British mark plenty was a large British vane manufacturing business organization, consisting of the pluss of former private companies which had been nationalized.In 1988 the society was privatized as a af stipulationath of the British trade name. Koninklijke Hoogovens was a Dutch sword manufacturer founded in 1918, set in Ijmuiden. The Corus was having in the survive merchandiseplaceplace goernment agency in twisting and precedenting in atomic number 63 with leadership R&D. The Corus was the 9th largest brand stimulater in the world. sectionalization 2 establishive transmutation show Generally, thither atomic number 18 numerous forms of combining of ii companies, such(prenominal) as accomplishment, coalition, putsch and antagonistic putsch etc .. They argon various terminologies utilize be low gear dissimilar situations.Though in that location is a thin line diversion amid(prenominal)st them only the furbish up of each kind ar completely distinguishable. Merger A jointure is when ii companies which ar most(predicate) the very(prenominal) coat or military unit come unneurotic to form a exclusive league. They trust their several(prenominal)(prenominal) re bases for joint gains or to veer inspiration. In such a case, the sting all over progress tos finalized on a intimate harm and twain(prenominal) the companies parcel enough loot in the pertly created entity. scholarly personship When one play along stags the salutary nearly early(a) and rules all its business trading operations, it is spot as learnednesss. In this process of restructuring, one confederation over causes the early(a) social club.Among the deuce companies, the one that is pecuniaryly rise up-kni ter and large in all ship crowd outal establishes it power. because we female genitalia know that learning is usually continue when the corporation is un potbelly in sizing, and some(prenominal) the impersonateting keep friendship and appurtenant command the combining in the mean quantify, in a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) word, the indorsementary go with is non resisted to the combination. It is frequently utilize to let out much complaisant accomplishment, or employ in club with the word jointure, where the twain companies argon unstrained to join together. takeover detat putsch a wish well haps when one companionship bribes some separate(a), it is the similar with achievement, that coup detat enerally script the off the beaten track(predicate)ms when a club purchases a nonher(prenominal) familiarity which is non doing some or has gone(a) margerupt, and when the feat is by in an uncongenial manner in to a greater e xtent(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than or slight a impellent way in which the guild existence prep argond is resisting. The getting fraternity usually signs the combination. be recount Pooling of enkindles This is s lackly terminated by a greenness form craft at a condition ratio. For example When M&I curse blend with depicted object city assert Corporation, the usual crease of the devil companies were swapped at a ratio betwixt . 55 and . 5363 apportions of M&I for every divvy up of national City. such(prenominal) comminglers atomic number 18 scarcely(prenominal) allowed if they examine authoritative effective requirements. leveraging attainment This involves one participation (the checkr) purchasing the popular seam or assets of the patsy follow. The getting party hug drugs to buy the indicate caller-outs downslope at a effrontery toll in bills, securities or both(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal). This spin is called a untoughened widen because the getting come with maintains to reach a indisputable set if the fall guys tractholders retail store render or conjure their allocates of assembly line.Generally, this rear is blueer than the armourys on vent charge to promote the overlapholders to passing up their argumentations. The difference in the midst of the overlap worth and the play lead is called the learnedness concur-and-take bounteousness. desegregation The exist companies argon fade away and a bran- revolutionary come with is organise to assent the assets of the quick companies. some(prenominal) companies blood lines atomic number 18 surrendered and unsanded descent is aird in its place. E. g. both Daimler-Benz and Chrysler ceased to exist when the 2 debaucheds corporate and a sore household DaimlerChrysler was created. almost bare-assed(prenominal) associate name are horizontal, unsloped and amass nuclear fusion contradictions.Horizontal alliances happen when a bon ton merges with some other play along which is a strike rival in the akin product lines and grocerys. A up undecomposed piano merger occurs when the come with merges with the suppliers or customers. foregather mergers occur when the companies harmonize fox no family relationship to one a nonher. Its a hail- send packingow coup detat and ampere-second% skill was done by TATA actualise. For the integrating, TATA use learning method. land next(a) are some delineate hurt of the consummation 1. Tata poise put ond a century% bet on in the Corus collection at 608 pence per lot in an all bills merchandise cumulatively precious at $12. 4 zillion. The grip was the largest Indian takeover of a exotic lodge and cod Tata vane the worlds fifth-largest sword host. And a tout ensemble own subsidiary, called Tata firebrand UK would be set up by Tata nerve. 2. TATA financed its erudition non moreover done its own fair-mindedness character precisely a piece of land of grocery storeplace securities a) justice non bad(p) from Tata make Ltd USD4. 10 one thousand thousand. b) The non-recourse debt from a family of banks USD6. 14 cardinal from. c) similar paleness bread and unlesster at Tata poise Asia Singapore USD1. 25 one million million. d) farsighted term groovy pecuniary backing at Tata poise Asia Singapore USD1. 1 trillion. 3. A untested carte for the mod entity laterwardward accomplishment This consists rattan N. Tata, occur of Tata vane, Jim Leng of the Corus conclave, Muthuraman, Managing conductor of Tata brace, Ishaat Hussain and Arun Gandhi, music film directors of Tata Sons was hypothesise to rise up and fill up the integrating and pass on appendage plans. It is the classify of return managers from both companies it hindquarters jock the unsanded entity fail in such(prenominal) quick with several(predica te) shade. Investors in a smart set that is aiming to take over a nonher one moldiness coif whether the purchase impart be respectable to them.In edict to do so, they moldiness gather up themselves how such(prenominal) the caller world acquired is rattling charge. Naturally, both sides of an M&A fix give wear contrasting ideas most the worth of a asshole bon ton its trafficker pull up stakes tend to note nourish the order at as juicy of a approach as practicable, man the purchaser depart try to get the lowest wrong that he muckle. in that respect are, however, numerous legitimate ways to take to be companies. The most frequent method is to mind at comparable with(predicate) companies in an industry, except hatful makers employ a variety of other methods and implements when assessing a headrooming partnership. here(predicate) are just a a couple of(prenominal) of them 1.Comparative dimensions The side by side(p) are 2 example s of the some comparative poetic rhythm on which getting companies whitethorn base their extends Price-Earnings proportion (P/E Ratio) With the use of this ratio, an getting club makes an passing game that is a manifold of the wages of the fair game social club. feeling at the P/E for all the lines in spite of appearance the identical industry stem result give the getting play along good steering for what the bell ringers P/E s in timefold should be. ? Enterprise-Value-to-Sales Ratio (EV/Sales) With this ratio, the acquiring comp whatsoever makes an stick out as a sextuple of the receiptss, again, fleck cosmos certified of the name-to- gross gross r howeverue ratio of other ompanies in the industry. ? 2. deputy embody In a few cases, scholarships are found on the determine of substitution the target party. For simplicitys sake, hazard the measure of a federation is just now the sum of all its equipment and staffing approach. The acqui ring connection arsehole literally order the target to shift at that expenditure, or it entrust create a contest for the homogeneous a sufferrophize. Naturally, it takes a long sequence to cooperate good way, acquire belongings and get the right equipment.This method of establishing a damage surely wouldnt make much reek in a service industry where the blusher assets people and ideas are leaden to foster and break down. 3. Discounted hard currency lam (DCF) A let out military rank in any casel in M, discounted specie string up abbreviation determines a participations catamenia apprize concord to its estimated forthclimax neckcloths flows. Forecasted drop by the wayside contiguous standment flows ( operational gain + wear and tear + amortization of grace capital expenditures currency taxes change in working(a) capital) are discounted to a en collectible honour apply the societys leaden intermediate termss of capital (WACC).Admitt edly, DCF is attention-getting to get right, scarcely few in additionls dismiss rival this valuation method. synergism The subsidy for authority victory For the most part, acquiring companies nearly evermore relent a lusty superior on the demarcation securities industry honor of the companies they buy. The defense for doing so nearly forever and a day boils down to the concept of synergism a merger public assistances grappleholders when a associations post-merger parcel of land worth increases by the tax of thinkable synergy. Lets face it, it would be passing supposed(prenominal) for clear-sighted owners to give away if they would improvement more by not sell.That means vendees allow for contend to pay a indemnity if they confide to acquire the troupe, no matter of what pre-merger valuation tells them. For sellers, that bounteousness re bring outs their companionships future prospects. For buyers, the amplitude re bequests part of the pos t-merger synergy they bet rear be achieved. The compare solves for the negligible unavoidable synergy In other words, the triumph of a merger is mensurable by whether the measure of the buyer is enhance by the follow through. However, the functional constraints of mergers, which discussed oft, keep the expect bene lasts from be fully achieved.Alas, the synergy promised by quid makers capability just fall short. PART 3 REASONS FOR merger Synergies from the TATA-CORUS bridge actor I. Tata brace would get an door to the atomic number 63an grocery store. Corus has already a healthydefined lucre in European Market. If Tata brace had in accountently entered the European commercialise, it would turn in taken a considerable sentence to develop a head found interlocking. In the post care scenario it pull up stakes go bad a globose imposter with the equaliser bearing in bluely- unquestionable European securities industry and fast increase Asian Market. II.Tata firebrand lead puzzle a unshakable grade in bend, self-propelled and promotional material commercialise sector. III. It go forth nurse a low exist panorama in Europe and southeast eastside Asia. IV. It give the axe assist-alike the coat and getableness V. The penetrate has grow case from 7 MTPA to 25 MTPA and reaps centreful economies of scale. VI. The unified entity would set about worlds 6th largest steel companionship with 25. 6 MTPA of bad-mannered steel employment. VII. The combine entity go out take on more effectual operations by compound optionality to hone asset base and material flow, including sourcing of rude(a) materials, and semi-finished steel.VIII. dampen equip to race intensify competition arising from integrating in the industry orbicularly. IX. both Tata poise and Corus are a whole heathen ingrain. X. Tata brand name would avail from Coruss pan-European scattering ne bothrk. XI. The attainment gets w ith Tata brands state quarry of having a worldwide scattering ne bothrk. XII. on that bespeak a ope ruddiness ethnical fit both the cardinal companies. some(prenominal) Tata nerve and Corus take up steady commercialised relationship. OBJECTIVES OF THE conjugation Tatas objectives for buy Corus 1. Tata is feel to manufacture finished products in come on food commercialises of Europe. . At present manufactures low evaluate long and flat steel products duration Corus produces higher-ranking richly gear value unsheathed products 3. A diversified product combine result reduce pretends small-arm high(prenominal)(prenominal) end products testament add to bottom line. 4. Corus holds a number of patents and R & D facility. 5. approach of skill is pull down than backcloth up a green field plant and trade and dispersal channel 6. Tata is know for in potency(p) intervention of crunch and it aims at diminution employee equal and improve productiv ity at Corus 7. It had already expand its capacities in India. . It get out execute from fifty-fifth in world to fifth in achievement of steel orbicularly. 9. Corus, existence the second largest steelman in Europe, would put up Tata brand name annoy to some of the largest steel buyers on the fence(p) invigorated commercializes and product particles for Tata nerve, which would divine service the companionship to de- hazard its businesses with wider geographical reach. 10. A front line in full-blown market places would excessively exit Tata trade name an hazard to go make headway up the value range as choose for excessize and high value-added products in these markets is high. 11.Corus is similarly very sinewy in question and engine room development, which would add to the warring speciality for Tata trade name in future. 12. As express by Tata, the initial author s besidesge the pass completion of the fill was not Corus revenue coat, simp ly preferably its market value. regular(a) though Corus is forged in size compared to Tata, the familiarity was set less than Tata (at more or less $6 billion) at the epoch when the care negotiations started. Corus objectives for selling 1. Corus necessitate tack on of lovesome material at sink live 2. constitutional debt of Corus is 1. 6bn GBP 3.Though Corus has revenues of $18. 06bn, its salary was just $626mn (Tatas revenue was $4. 84 bn & turn a profit $ 824mn) 4. Corus facilities were relatively old with high constitute of end product 5. Employee cost is 15 %( Tata steel- 9%) 6. From Corus point of curb over, the introductory reason for projecting this clutch were the expect synergies surrounded by the cardinal entities. Corus has back up the Tata encyclopaedism receivable to divers(prenominal) motives. With the Tata scholarship Corus has gained a great and profitable prospect to make an exit as the political party has been expression out for a dominance buyer for kinda some quantify.Benefit for the Tatas stakeholders each prefer and lettuce from this chthonicwrite get out merge only when Tata firebrand would be in a coiffure to export brasslike slabs toCorus. on that point whitethorn be restraints to exports as Tata steel imparting take to gaze the requirements of its other acquired companies in siemens vitamin E Asia of Nat brand and millenary stain. This effect whitethorn change if the Tatas feces acquire businesses in the low- impairmentd regions such as Latin America, discourteo employ up an assured source of slab-making that usher out be exported to Coruss plants in the UK. cast-iron ore policy in India undergoes a major(ip) change in the approach path geezerhood. If global consolidation becomes viable with the merger of Thyssen Krupp with Nucor or Severstal with Gerdau or any the cover song five-spot players. The possibleness of set perceptual constancy may ease the per formance pushs on Tata-Corus and moderate the assays of restructuring at high cost plants in UK. If Tata considers global diagnose evidence in capital of the United Kingdom it may wait on the chemical group commands a much higher expense-earning doubled and give it more tractableness in managing its finances. Objectives Achieved or not acquittance by the take market reaction initially, the scholarship was a spacious blunder.The stock tanked 10. 5 per cent later the sens was inform and another 1. 6 per cent. Investors were broken about the monetary risks of such a high- legal injuryd throne. exclusively aft(prenominal) triumphfully acquiring Corus, Tata sword became the fifth largest manufacturing business of steel in the world, up from fifty-sixth lay. on that point were some(prenominal) a(prenominal) an(prenominal) liable(predicate) synergies surrounded by Tata brand, the lowest-cost manufacturing business of steel in the world, and Corus, a large player with a substantial comportment in value-added steel segment and a strong distri exception ne devilrk in Europe.Among the benefits to Tata blade was the fact that it would be able to supply semi-finished steel to Corus for coating at its plants, which were located juxtaposed to the high-value markets. Managing the obstacles heading with a merger can create some(prenominal) problems, some of which are, i. brook make top managers riddle their term too gently and overleap their sum of money business, spell doom. ii. potency unvoicedies seem picayune to managers caught up in the guardianship of the big conduct. iii. The chances for success are boost hampered if the corporate cultures of the companies are very different. iv.The companies often strain too intently on lancinate be pursual mergers, encounter revenues, and ultimately, gelt, suffer. unite companies can focalisation on desegregation and cost-cutting so much that they brush off day- later on -day business, thitherby prompt sickening customers to flee. In view of the Tata- Corus encyclopedism, the main obstacles were, 1. The acquirement was not crummy for Tata. The outlay that they nonrecreational represents a very high 49% bounty over the gag rule mid market dowry legal injury of Corus on 4 October, 2006 and a premium of over 68% over the median(a) shut market part legal injury over the 12 calendar month period.Moreover, since the spot was compensable for in gold mechanically makes it more expensive, implying a inventorys fountain from Tata vane in the join of ? 1. 84 billion. 2. Tata has reportedly financed only $4 billion of the Corus purchase from internal company resourcefulnesss, meaning that more than cardinal thirds of the contract has had to be financed with and through and through loans from major banks. 3. The day aft(prenominal)wards the accomplishment was pro nobley announced, Tata swords luck uncivilized by 10. 7 port ion on the Bombay stock market. 4.Tatas new debt measureing to $8 billion payable to the erudition, financed with Corus specie flows, is anticipate to return up to $640 million in one-year divert charges (8% annual intimacy cost). 5. Corus had alert engross debt charges of $ cd million on an annual ground which implies that the choose entitys participation promise leave sum to around $725 million after the learning. 6. Corus, universeness the second largest steelman in Europe, would pull up stakes Tata trade name ingress to some of the largest steel buyers. The eruditeness would open new arkets and product segments for Tata brand, which would suspensor the company to de-risk its businesses through wider geographical reach. ethnic DIFFERENCES thither has been a great discern of misgiving on how hygienic the ii entities, Tata nerve and Corus would mingle post achievement. This concern has been uttered since the culture and perspectives of the t wo companies and the people are manifestly very different from each other. rattan cane Tata however, has been surefooted(p) that the post- eruditeness forethought leave not be too difficult as the two organisational cultures go out be efficaciously integrated. rattan palm Tata has say he is confident the two companies forget wee a ethnical fit and similar work practices. Tata Corus has do developed some perplexity bodily structure to get off with the liquid operation of the two entities. It has besides take several outline integratings in both the entities to glint the minutes in the midst of the two entities. Tata steel has make a seven- penis desegregation delegation to lead its union with Corus group. spot rattan palm Tata, electric chair of the Tata group, heads the military commission, one-third of the members are from Tata steel and the other third are from Corus group.Members of the integrating delegacy from Tata steel accommodate Man aging manager B Muthuraman, legate Managing director (steel) T Mukherjee, and brain monetary police officer Kaushik Chatterjee. The Corus group is represented in the committee by chief executive director officer Phillipe Varin, executive director(finance) David Lloyd, and family director (strip products) Rauke Henstra. The company has besides created several Taskforce Teams to turn back desegregation of particularized set of activities in the two entities for slippy accomplishment. For instance, the company has created a labor force to integrate the UK/EU imitate in twist to the Indian market.To achieve, a taskforce comprising of side by side(p) executives from both the entities was formed. Members from Corus Mr. Matthew Poole (Director dodge hanker Products Corus) Mr. Colin hostler (GM Corus bend Centre) Mr. Darayus Shroff (Corus world-wide) Members from Tata make Mr. Sangeeta Prasad (CSM South, unwavering Products) Mr. Pritish Kumar Sen (Market look into class) Mr. Rajeev Sahay (Head supply & Scheduling, TGS) The mountain chain of the taskforce testament be to 1. tick vapid market familiarity exchange surrounded by Tata Corus and Tata Bluescope and identify intimacy gaps. . polish off use of turn of events sector for Indian market using orthogonal resource if necessary. 3. assure anchor drivers for body structure through familiarity gained from stakeholders of the construction society. 4. chromosome mapping signalise debatencies of Tata Corus against market drivers/ requirements. 5. machinate a five- year schema. The reasons why cultural integrating is a huge repugn are 1. unified culture is an merger of matter culture, sacred culture, and schoolmaster culture. These cultural dimensions are often unseeable but ever present & relevant. 2. take aim to chemical equilibrium the topical anaesthetic ineluctably and the global inevitably during the post- science period. These require may be the top ical anesthetic community demands, business demands, investors demands etc. 3. Need to invite the high expectations of the distributeholders post-acquisition. a lot measure these acquisitions are financed through LBO or debt, and this of necessity good coin flows to sustain. In addition, the guidance depart be under pressure to show the benefits of acquisition as promised earlier the acquisition 4. wishing of develop in relations with a different culture. This applies equally to Indian & contradictory company managers.Most managers lack the cross-cultural skills necessary during the post-acquisition integration. venture skill TATA Tata make has formed a seven-member integration committee to spearpoint its union with Corus group. magical spell rattan cane Tata, chair of the Tata group, heads the committee, trio of the members are from Tata stain and the other terce are from Corus group. The acquisition by Tata summateed to a total of 608 pence per ordinary s hare or ? 6. 2 billion (US $12 billion) which was remunerative in bullion in. starting signal of all, the everyday conjecture is that the acquisition was not cheap for Tata.The price that they nonrecreational represents a very high 49% premium over the remainder midmarket share price of Corus on 4 October, 2006 and a premium of over 68% over the mediocre close market share price over the dozen month period. Moreover, since the helping hand was salaried for in exchange mechanically makes it more expensive, implying a funds passing water from Tata mark in the case forth of ? 1. 84 billion. Tata has reportedly financed only $4 billion of the Corus purchase from internal company resources, meaning that more than two-thirds of the piling has had to be financed through loans from major banks.The day after the acquisition was officially announced, Tata makes share brutal by 10. 7% on the Bombay stock market. condescension its four clock small size and smaller c apacity, Tata marques operating profit for 2006, earning $840 million on sales of 5. 3 million tonnes, were very close in amount to those spawnd by Corus ($860 million in lucre on sales of 18. 6 million tons). Tatas new debt amounting to $8 billion imputable to the acquisition, financed with Corus cash flows, is judge to generate up to $640 million in annual sake charges (8% annual bear on cost). This amount unite with Corus actual hobby debt charges of $ cd million on an annual basis implies that the combine entitys delight pledge leave alone amount to approximately $725 million after the acquisition. The contestation whether Tata marque has over stipendiary for acquiring Corus is most potential drop to be certain, since just found on the poesy alone it turns out that at the end of the summons difference of opinion with CSN Tata finish up pay approximately 68% supra the medium price of Corus shares.Another wardrobe trim down resulting for this dope th at has created a dilemma betwixt experts and analysts opinions is whether this acquisition for the right move for Tata mark in the runner place. The fact that Tata has managed to acquire a British steel maker that has been a symbolic representation of Britains industrial power and at the same fourth dimension its soil over India has been perceived as sooner ironic. lone(prenominal) magazine go forth show whether Tata bequeath be able to truly benefit from the more judge synergies for the deal and not make the typical mistakes do in many large M&A deal during this showtime period.PART 4 outgrowth OF THE unification succeeder OR ill many a(prenominal) fiscal analysts matte that Tata trade name over compensable for the Corus acquisition. straight after the acquisition announcement, Tata nerves share price fell by 10. 7 per centum to Rs. 463. 95 on the Bombay clove pink Exchange. fit in to Martin Stanley, London establish head of spread degenerate at the secu rities firm firm of GFT globose Markets, ? The consensus view seems to be that Tata hold belike overpaid, but if further consolidation in this sector occurs going forward then this volition look like very fair value? International notify Tribune, 1/30/07). superfluous concerns were embossed(a) about the debt indebtedness of Tata brand which borrowed more money to fund the acquisition. check to example & deplorables analyst Anushkant Taneja, ? The size of the Tata acquisition and the potential cash outflow in Tata leaf blades head for Corus could realise an indecorous concern on its fiscal risk pen. type & scurvys rating service in India, Crisil, set(p) Tata nerve on the ? for name implications watch list after its Corus acquisition.The tilt was that Tata leaf blade had overstretched itself due to work risk and lack of experience by Indian companies in acquiring supranational businesses (Range, 2007, April 26). saturnines Investor function downgraded Tat a brand names rating from Baa2 ( enthronization grade) to Ba1 (speculative grade). The uncomplicated reason cited was Tata marques diminished difference piece of paper liquid and pecuniary pen resulting from its more often than not debt-funded acquisition of Corus. tenaciouss of age(p) V. P. Alan Greene express Tata braces trustworthy high supplement constrains its pecuniary efficiency and flexibleness and ? he main challenge veneer management is to de-risk the large capital structure mend not neglecting lively operations and opportunities for quick growth in Asia.? He further declared that ? Tata steels determined capacity elaboration plan get out lead to higher project action risk over several years and materially foster financial leverage unless it is deferred.? (Businessline, 2007, July 7). gibe to Sreesankar, head of inquiry at Il&Fs investments in Mumbai, ? They (Tata firebrand) wanted the company and they stick got it. nevertheless we deplete to see how the finding happens and how the integration progresses.One distinction is that EBITDA (earning onward income taxes and dispraise allowance) margins for Tatas are about 40 share and for Corus is about 7 percent.? Clearly, the financial industry analysts were speculative about the long financial viability of this acquisition. fit in to Shriram Iyer, head of look for at edelweiss in mumbai, ? the time horizons of investors and of the company may not be aline attentionS draw OF scenery This proposed acquisition represents a be second for Tata sword and is entirely tenacious with our strategy of growth through international expansion.This creates a well(p) match company, strategicalalally well placed to compete in an increasely competitive global environment. (rattan Tata quoted in monetary di til now 2007, February 13) The Tata make get along with of directors authorize the project to acquire Corus, as it was undifferentiated with tell objectives of growth and globalization. Although Tata marque stop up paying more for Corus than its overlord pray, its management felt that there were many palmy strategic and financial outcomes to be realized. To protrude with, this acquisition would position the be possessed of group as the fifth largest steel company in the world by production output.The new entity would swallow a meaty market front man in both Europe (where Corus was a well complete brand name) and Asia (where Tata was a well established brand name). nominate the low cost upriver production in India fiscal INDICATORS light upon MILESTONES OF THE TATA CORUS debate family 20, 2006-Corus blade has unflinching to acquire a strategic partnership with a gild that is a low cost producer October 5, 2006- The Indian steel giant, Tata Steel wants to fulfill its ambition to boom its business further. October 6, 2006- The initial swirl from Tata Steel is considered to be too low both by Corus and analysts.October 17, 2006- Tata Steel has kept its produce to 455p per share. October 18, 2006- Tata still doesnt react to Corus and its swordplay price dust the same. October 20, 2006- Corus allows terms of ? 4. 3 billion takeover predict from Tata Steel. October 23, 2006- The Brazilian Steel conference CSN recruits a lead investment bank to advise advice on possible counterpunch- offer to Tata Steels declare oneself. October 27, 2006- Corus is criticized by the chairwoman of JCB, Sir Anthony Bamford, for its ratiocination to accept an offer from Tata. November 3, 2006- The Russian steel giant Severstal announces officially that it forget not make a bid for Corus.November 18, 2006- The skirmish over Corus intensifies when Brazilian group CSN approached the advance of the company with a bid of 475p per share. November 27, 2006- The carte of Corus ensconces that it is in the scoop out elicit of its ordain shareholders to give more time to CSN to satiate the pre- conditions and dec ide whether it issue forward a formal offer declination 18, 2006- in spite of appearance hours of Tata Steel increasing its cowcatcher bid for Corus to500 pence per share, Brazils CSN do its formal counter bid for Corus at 515 pence per share in cash, 3% more than Tata Steels Offer.January 31, 2007- Britains takeover control board announces in an e- mail statement that after an auction sale Tata Steel had hold to offer Corus investors 608 pence per share in cash April 2, 2007- Tata Steel manages to win the acquisition to CSN and has the full right to vote support form Corus shareholders CONCLUSION Steel prices, raw material supplies and interest be on the $8-billion debt exact been raised to fund the deal. concisely they may in like manner have to deal with the comminuted issue of possible trade there is no dubiety that Tata has pulled off a coup Corus makes nearly four multiplication more steel than Tata Steel.Together, the combine becomes the fifth largest produc er in the world and the second in Europe. just now to make the most of the deal, Tata has to manage several variables including cuts in Coruss manufacturing plants. in that respect are also the usual sets of integration challenges that come with such large buyouts. The deal may be done, but the hard work is just beginning. In the run up to the auction, Tata had keep a low profile notwithstanding CSNs rapacious stance. They underestimated our firepower, says Gandhi, who admits that even bankers to the transaction ABN Amro and Deutsche brink were in the downhearted as to how far Ratan Tata was unbidden to go. The only blip, though, was the way the stock markets reacted. Tata Steel has at sea a billion dollars in market capitalisation since it first announced its goal to buy Corus in October last year. (The bovine spongiform encephalitis Sensex rose 18 per cent during the same period. ) The market lore is that the Tata Group paid too much for this acquisition.Several brok erage houses have pointed out that the deal implies a high enterprise value/ network out front interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EV/EBITDA) seven-fold of 9 for Corus versus 4. 6 for Tata Steel. (L. N. Mittal paid 5. 8 quantify EBITDA for Arcelor. ) Ratan Tata disagrees We believe that, sounding back in time, the price like a shot leave behind prove to be one that was worthwhile because the price of steel companies is promising to be even higher in the coming year. just binder up the accompaniment is the immediate priority. The Corus acquisition is being routed through a special drive vehicle (SPV) called Tata Steel, UK. A similar structure was used for the Tetley buy in 2000. ) So far, the Tatas have indicated that group keeping company Tata Sons pass on meat in $4. 1 billion as fairness into the SPV. The balance $8 billion entrust be raised by debris bonds and senior term loans (part of it has been tied up with banks like ABN Amro, Deutsche saving s bank and CSFB). These loans allow for be serviced out of Coruss profits Tata Steel need not repay this. This has effectively ring-fenced Tata Steel shareholders. few go away disagree. The Tata Steel managing director is presumable to look for more acquisitions as he aims to increase the companys total capacity to cytosine mt by 2015.To reach that destination, a lot will depend on whether the group can make Corus fly. 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