India privatizations face elec essays

India privatizations face elec essays NEW DELHI: Privatisations in India, already hindered by strong opposition from labor unions and political parties, will most likely slow down ahead of state elections this fall, said a senior economist at the Institute for Economic Growth. Privatisation is a thorny election issue. I doubt politicians will do anything in a hurry now, B.B. Bhattacharya, the Institutes director, told Dow Jones Newswires in a He noted that politicians banking on the votes of labourers employed in around 230 state companies are unlikely to risk public disapproval in the run-up to the elections for provincial legislatures in October or November. The government intends to sell around 30 of these companies in the current financial year ending March 31, 2004. It expects several others to be put on the auction block after the Disinvestment Commission makes a judgment on their commercial viability as state companies. As many state firms are usually costly and overstaffed, private investors looking to increase productivity and maximize profit will naturally want to cut down the companys payroll. Bhattacharya, who has served as a technical consultant to the World Bank, said: When industries are privatized, investors cut the wages and rationalize the pay structure. The fear of job losses has led labor unions to protest the sale of state-run companies. In October last year, employees of aluminum company National Aluminium Co., or Nalco, prevented executives of a potential private sector buyer, Hindalco Industries Ltd, from inspecting Nalcos factories in the southeastern Orissa state. This has stalled the due diligence of Nalcos privatization. Trade unions in state-run oil companies went on a three-day strike in March this year. The National United Forum, an umbrella organization representing union workers in most state enterprises, has also threatened to go o ...

Spanish Indirect-Object Pronouns

Spanish Indirect-Object Pronouns Spanish verbs can be accompanied by direct and indirect objects. A direct object is the noun or pronoun that the verb acts directly on, while an indirect object is the person affected by the action but not acted directly upon. So in a sentence such as I see Sam, Sam is the direct object of see because Sam is the object that is seen. But in a sentence such as I am writing Sam a letter, Sam is the indirect object. The item being written is letter, so letter is the direct object. Sam is the indirect object as one who is affected by the verbs action on the direct object. Spanish Differentiates Betweem Direct and Indirect Objects If youre learning Spanish, the distinction can be important to make because Spanish, unlike English, sometimes uses different pronouns for direct and indirect objects. It is also important to note that many Spanish sentences use indirect-object pronouns where a different construction is used in English. For example, me pintà ³ la casa would typically be translated as he painted the house for me. In fact, one sign of an indirect object in English is that it usually can be understood, to use me as an example, as for me or to me. For instance, he bought her the ring is the same as he bought the ring for her. In that first sentence, her is an indirect object. (The Spanish equivalent would be à ©l le comprà ³ el anillo.) Here are the indirect-object pronouns along with their English equivalents and examples of their uses: me - me - Juan me da una camisa. (John is giving me a shirt.)te - you (singular familiar) - Juan te da una camisa. (John is giving you a shirt.)le - you (singular formal), him, her - Juan le da una camisa a usted. (John is giving you a shirt.)  Juan le da una camisa a à ©l.  (John is giving him a shirt.)  Juan le da una camisa a ella.  (John is giving her a shirt.)nos - us - Marà ­a nos da unas camisas. (Mary is giving us some shirts.)os - you (plural familiar) - Marà ­a os da unas camisas. (Mary is giving you some shirts.)les - you (plural formal), them - Marà ­a les da unas camisas. (Mary is giving you some shirts, or Mary is giving them some shirts.) Note that the direct-object and indirect-object pronouns are identical in the first and second persons. Where they differ is in the third person, where the only indirect objects (except in what is usually considered substandard speech) are le and les. Using Indirect Objects in Special Cases As some of the above examples indicate, an indirect-object pronoun is used whenever a sentence includes an indirect object, even though a pronoun might not be used in English. A further clause can be added for clarity or emphasis, but, unlike in English, an indirect pronoun is the norm. For example, le escribà ­ could mean I wrote to him, I wrote to her or I wrote to you, depending on the context. To clarify, we can add a prepositional phrase, as in le escribà ­ a ella for I wrote to her. Note that le is still typically used, even though a ella makes it redundant. Both direct- and indirect-object pronouns are typically placed before conjugated verbs, as in the above examples. They can be (but dont have to be) attached to infinitives and present participles: Te voy a escribir una carta and voy a escribirte una carta (I am going to write you a letter) are both correct, as are le estoy comprando un coche and estoy comprndole un coche (I am buying him a car). In commands, direct and/or indirect objects are attached to affirmative commands but precede negative commands. Escrà ­beme (write me), but no me escribas (dont write me). Note that in affirmative commands and when attaching an object to a present participle, attaching the object at the end of the verb can result in an orthographic accent being needed to keep the stress on the correct syllable. If you have a direct object and an indirect object with the same verb, the indirect object comes first. Te las escribo. (I am writing them to you.) Sample Sentences Using Indirect-Object Pronouns Indirect objects are shown in these sentences in boldface. Object pronouns in regular type are direct objects or objects of prepositions. No le voy a dar el gusto a nadie de vencerme tan facilmente. (I am not going to give anyone the pleasure of defeating me so easily. A nadie is a redundant phrase; le remains necessary. The -me of vencerme is a direct object.) ¿Nunca me has visto beber algo ms que una copa de vino? (Have you never seen me drink more than one cup of wine? Beber here is an infinitive acting as a direct object.)Le construyeron un gimnasio para que pudiera ejercitarse. (They built him/her a gymnasium so he/she could exercise. Note that the indirect object here can apply to both males and females.)Queremos decirle a ella que ella forma gran parte de nuestras vidas. (We want to tell her that she makes up a big part of our lives. Que and the words following function as a direct object.)

Language Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Language Portfolio - Essay Example It is always within my reach. My native country in Russia is where it all started. I became conscious of my existence in a place where the struggle for social steadiness is of great importance. It is the place where I became oriented with a cynical outlook in life while at the same time it enabled me to anticipate and understand any difficulties I encounter in life. Because of such view point, moving to Istanbul a few years ago became a welcoming experience for me. The shift in adjusting from Russian to Turkish culture became a needed challenge for me. Living in Turkey opened my doors to the convergence of cultures between the East and West. It allowed me to reflect on the hybrid between Western and Eastern influences. It opened my eyes to the cultural differences I have witnessed around me. Eventually, I decided to move into the United States only to immerse myself in a multi-cultural surrounding. While I experienced various intercultural encounters from my global travels, I sought to find a place where my love for culture and the arts will be satisfied. Because of this intense interest to retrace my European heritage and culture, I have looked up to the French language to equip me with better understanding of human creativity that I see in French cinema, literature, and arts. My various trips to France were always field with memorable moments that fueled my interest and love for humanities. As such, my motivation to learn French is deeply rooted from my appreciation of the country and its culture. As my future journey to live in France awaits me, I never cease to continuously the language. A Question of Identity: What it would mean for me to be a fluent speaker of French Learning French has always entailed a more personal than practical reasons to master the language. It cannot be denied that my motivation to learn French mainly comes from my appreciation of the culture in general. I learn French not only because it entails various opportunities in working fo r international organizations abroad, but also because it means that I am able to associate myself with French culture. Many might wonder why I exhibit such love for the language, but I can only tell them that I have been to many places around the world and while each country showcases a unique cultural heritage, I would say that in terms of music, architecture, movies, and literature, the French culture exhibits a more lively appreciation for the arts. Perhaps the word I should use in describing the French is sophistication. My various travels to France have always been memorable as I was able to appreciate the heritage and the undying affinity of the French people towards arts and literature. Personally, I want to live in this kind of setting where I could revel on the French countryside and associate with the like-mindedness I shared with French people. For these reasons, becoming a fluent speaker of French allows me to understand and penetrate in French society. A lot of friends whom I treasure deeply are French and to be able to gain more meaningful experiences with them, I am determined to hone

ART Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ART - Essay Example The cemented room has white tiles on one wall and the smaller animal is seemingly coming from another room. The two animals are white in color. Michael Amick divided the photo into three parts, which include the foreground and the background. The picture depicts a cool environment since the two animals are all alone in the room. In the foreground of this picture, I can see the bigger animal jumping towards the red wall. I can also see its image beneath it. The animal is seemingly closing its eyes and has four legs. I can also see the three red walls and the white-tiled wall on the foreground. The white color of the tiles and the animal suggests peace and hence the cool environment. The red wall signifies danger but there is no conflict in the room and hence peace supersedes danger in this picture. The two colors add beauty to the picture and the animal is seemingly made of limestone. I can see the smaller animal in the background as well as its image. I can also establish that the four walls are seemingly converging at the background. The small animal is also white in color and only its front legs are visible as it is seemingly coming from another room. The white knob on the foreground of the white wall and the position of the shadows suggest that the white side depicts the roof of the room. Indeed, the animals are few meters from the roof and jumping from one room to another. The position of the shadows of the two animals suggests that the source of light in this picture is at few meters above the animals. Probably, the source of light is an electricity bulb on the roof of this room. The author uses a red color, which is bright, and a white color, which is calm. As such, the picture suggests a bright and calm life as depicted by the environment. The picture manifests lack of conflict and the presence as the animals jump freely from one room to another. The colors in the picture create a comfortable contrast, which is attractive

The Adventure of the Speckled Band Essay Example for Free

The Adventure of the Speckled Band Essay I read through two quite different short stories, continually considering how they both created suspense (anxious uncertainty, or expectation, or waiting for information) and tension (mental strain or excitement) and more importantly how I could compare the two, considering both similar and divergent parts in the stories. The first short story I examined was The stolen Bacillus. The title itself creates suspense, because of the word stolen. When something is stolen, you always expect a chase or investigation into finding the stolen item, and the word Bacillus (a single bacterium) this would prompt the reader to think of the stereotypical idea of bacteria- tiny green creatures that appear in films and cartoons. Therefore from the title, the reader is urged to read on and find out why it has been stolen, who has taken it and if it is going to be recovered. In the opening paragraphs of the story, a pale-faced man is inside the office of the bacteriologist. Wells refers to this man as the visitor, confirming that he is not known to the bacteriologist, leaving him at this point in the story totally anonymous. Wells describes the visitor in great detail, particularly concentrating on his physical attributes. Examples of this are he held a limp white hand over his disengaged eye. These particular details help to develop this feeling of suspense and tension, as our idea of the visitor now, is that he is rather creepy and sinister. What follows this is a very important line from the visitor: And yet those little particles, those mere atomies, might multiply and devastate a city. This captures the feeling of the plot entirely, the reader is now wondering why the twisted and sadistic visitor is there after all. These anarchist rascals. Perhaps at this point, the visitor was going to tell the bacteriologist what his real aim was. But before he can do so, the wife of the scientist (Minnie) knocks on the office door- a perfect opportunity for the visitor to take the Bacillus (cholera). At this point, the reader can now decide whether the visitor will take it or not. This draws us into the story, as well as building up a great deal of tension. After this, comes the most exciting and fast part of the story- the chase. The bacteriologist has realised that his visitor has stolen the bacillus, so he pulls up a horse-drawn cab and begins the chase. A lot of tension and suspense is built up in this scene; firstly the pace of the story picks up because of the use of Shorter words/sentences, Wells uses this technique to increase the overall excitement of the chase scene. Words that create this are: gesticulating wildly, mad, hastily and swished. The other cockney cab men are commentating on the chase, making it seem like a horse race on the radio or television, which adds to the excitement. Harry Hicks (the visitors cab driver) was using his whip, which was very surprising as it states that cab drivers never normally used their whips. This also adds to this exciting, tense atmosphere. Minnie then picks up a cab and starts to chase the others. The behaviour of the other cab drivers then begin to change they become really excited and start shouting remarks out. It is at this point in the story in which Wells now refers to the visitor as the Anarchist, earlier on in the story, he was calling anarchists Rascals. Towards the end of the chase, the anarchist reveals what his motives for stealing the bacillus were. This is the result of a lot of tension, as this is the first time we know why he has stolen from the bacteriologist. At the end of the chase, when the Phial breaks, the feeling of the story becomes very sorrowful, as the anarchist believes he is going to die, and more importantly, so does the reader. But the actions of the casualty become quite sinister once again, as he starts to laugh and states, anyhow, I shall be a martyr. There is a lot of suspense at this point of the story, coming from the fact that he is laughing when he shouldnt be. Throughout the chase scene, the bacteriologist had been extremely worried, but at the end we find out that the so called cholera is actually a substance that turns animals blue, and the reader sees the bacteriologist laugh it off, and the only factor he worries about is the fact that hell have to make some more. The reason why Wells did so well creating the Suspense and Tension in his story, is the fact that he left it until the very end to let the reader know what the bacillus really was. The second Short story I read was The Adventure of the Speckled Band, which is based around Sherlock Holmes and his partner Watson trying to solve the murder of a young lady. What I believe made this story really worth reading, is the fact that Conan Doyle wrote it from Watsons point of view. Where as The Stolen Bacillus was written in third persons point of view, which in my opinion isnt as effective as Conan Doyles first person view. My reason for this, is the story can be made a lot more descriptive, and that it draws the reader into the story as it makes them feel as though they are in the story as a lot more personal words are used: we, you, they etc

Social Isolation In The Interesting Narrative Of The Life Of Olaudah Eq

Olaudah Equiano in his Interesting Narrative is taken from his African home and thrown into a Western world completely foreign to him. Equiano is a slave for a total of ten years and endeavors to take on certain traits and customs of Western thinking. He takes great pains to improve himself, learn religion, and adopt Western mercantilism. However, Equiano holds on to a great deal of his African heritage. Throughout the narrative, the author keeps his African innocence and purity of intent; two qualities he finds sorely lacking in the Europeans. This compromise leaves him in a volatile middle ground between his adapted West and his native Africa. Olaudah Equiano takes on Western ideals while keeping several of his African values; this makes him a man associated with two cultures but a member of neither. Olaudah Equiano during his long journey is exposed to Western ideas and customs. Although he is initially frightened by them, writing "and I was now persuaded that I had gotten into a world of bad spirits, and that they were go to kill me" (755), he eventually begins to see Europeans as "men superior to us" (762). In this change of perceptive Equiano begins to endeavor to emulate his more pale counterparts. To further this cause, he begins to improve himself through education. He embarks on a quest to read and write having already partially learned his adopted tongue some two to three years after he arrives in England. He is put into school by Miss Guerins while his master's ship is in port and while in her service Equiano is taught Western Christianity and baptized. He thus begins to take on the European religious character as well as the new Enlightenment ideal of self-improvement. During Equiano's service... ...other leaving him somewhere between both. Olaudah Equiano's Interesting Narrative provides insight into cultural assimilation and the difficulties such assimilation. The writer embraces several Western traits and ideals yet guards his African virtues jealously. In doing so however, he finds himself somewhere in between a full European and a displaced African. This problem of cultural identity Equiano struggled with is still present in modern American society. The modern day African-American appears to also be in the process of deciding the between two competing cultures and often being left somewhere in middle becoming a victim of cultural identity just like Olaudah Equiano some 250 years ago. Works Cited Olaudah, Equiano. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Yassa, Written by Himself. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995.

Matav Hungarian Telecommunications Company Essay

Matav Hungarian Telecommunications Company was established in 1991 when Hungarian Post was split into three divisions. Matav remained a state-run company until 1993 when the Hungarian government sold off the company , and that was a significant turning point in the history of the company since the privatization process was the largest foreign investment in Hungary. Matav’s majority shareholder , Deutsche Telekom was one of the largest Telecommunications companies in Europe, and was involved in all kinds of Telecommunication Business Services. Therefore , Matav benefited from the technical expertise of Deutsche Telekom , and became a fully integrated Telecommunications company. Even the culture of the corporation had changed into a customer-oriented culture after the privatization process. In February 1994 , Matav’s local telephone services covered about 80% of the territory of Hungary. After it had been privatized from the state in 1993, Matav had a monopoly inside Hungary in a way that it operated 80 % of the country’s fixed line telephone system. But there were four other domestic incumbents that controlled the fixed lines in the remaining 20% of the country ( HTCC , Monortel , Emitel and Invitel ) . So , Matav had some kind of competitive advantages in its domestic markets. Also , In mobile market , for instance , Matav controlled about 47% of the market , but was in a competition with two other companies : Pannon GSM (owned by TeleNor ) with 37 % of the market , and Vodafone with 16% . Tele2 and MonorTel were also being so active in the segment. Moreover , there was a great deal of competition between the fixed line business segment and the mobile segment.As for the internet segment , the ISP Axelero had Pantel ( owned by KPN , Holland ) as an active competitor. As part of its successful strategy, Matav was trying to become an international telecommunications group , and its first international expansion was in 2001 through purchasing the majority share of MakTel , Macedonia’s national telecommunications company. So as a result , MakTel became a consolidated subsidiary of Matav. Matav’s first international acquisition of MakTel was a real success as the domestic fixed line business was declining. Also , in July 2001 , Matav purchased the remaining 50% ownership share in Emitel, and Emitel became a new subsidiary of Matav group that provided residential and business telecommunication services in the South region. In December 2001 , Matav acquired the remaining 49% share of Westel Mobile Telecommunications ( which was known later as T-Mobile Hungary Co. ). In January 2002 , a new strategic plan introduced a new company structure , and Matav was restructured into four business lines : Business services , residential services , Mobile division and Internet division. The restructure plan was necessary as each business area needed a dedicated management team. In fact , international expansion was of great strategic importance to Matav . The first international acquisition of MakTel in early 2001 was a great strategic opportunity as the penetration in Macedonia was being very low in almost all business segments : 25% of the country had fixed lines , 5% of the country had mobile phones , and under 2% had the internet service. So , Matav’s main task was to rebalance the pricing of the fixed line business through the tariff packages and others , and to grow competition on the mobile market. MakTel revenues had grown from the year 2000 to 2003 , and the key measure that was used by Matav ( EBITDA : Earnings before interest , tax , deprec iation and Amortization ) also raised. In addition , Matav increased the number of MakTel’s fixed lines. In December 2003 , the connection of ADSL lines and other broadband services became available. And since January 2004, the Electronic Communication Act entered into force, and it allowed the fixed-line number portability in Hungary. Although it was becoming an international company , Matav lacked the dynamic growth, and that was because there was a limited growth opportunity in Hungary. For instance , fixed line subscriptions were declining because of the the fixed-mobile substitution. Consequently , Matav was looking forward into its second international expansion , and that was the international acquisition of Montenegro Telecom ( TCG ) that was sold off by the government in March 2005 . Basically , Matav chose Montenegro because it was the only fixed operator in the country , and it had one mobile competitor. In 2004 , Matav had to develop a strategy plan for the entire company, and the management team was to choose between the multiple strategic crossroads in the complex and the rapidly changing telecommunications business environment. The strategy group leader , Andras Balogh , had to choose a reliable strategy plan for the next three years. Basically , the strategy group had three main options for Matav. The first choice was to focus on the existing product lines. For example , the company could maximize productivity , provide new services , produce more tariff packages in order to limit the fixed lines business declining, in addition to managing the pricing on new mobile services ( GPRS , 3G , WAP†¦and all Broadband services ). The second choice was to focus on the regional growth, and the third one was to keep expanding internationally. If I were a member of the strategy group , I would recommend the international expansion strategic direction, but I do believe that some requirements should be met, and one of those requirements would be the guaranteed existing of sufficient company resources that would guarantee a healthy future of the company. In addition , I think that the international expansion would compensate the lack of dynamic growth that Matav lacked in Hungary . †¢ What has been the impact, positive and negative, of the Internet on the way we do business? †¢ What is his future vision of the Internet and the way it will evolve? †¢ What challenges and concerns do we face for the future? Since this is a position paper, not only present the speaker’s points but analyze them and add your considered opinion about them. Examples and perspective to support your viewpoint are strongly welcomed. It is recommended that your write-up should be between one and two pages long (single spaced, 11 pt.) Please submit your assignment electronically via Blackboard by class time on Tuesday September 25th.

Impact of integrated marketing communication on brands Essay

Figure 1 As mentioned above, having a good and effective brand can be achieved by various factors and approaches and one of these is through integrated marketing communication. Integrated marketing communication is known as a strategic coordination of multiple communication voices. The objective of this is to optimize the effect of persuasive communication on both the non-consumer and consumer including trade and professional audiences by coordinating the elements of the marketing mix which include public relations, advertising, package design, promotions and direct marketing (Moore & Thorson 1996). In this regard, it is evident that different approach can be used to ensure that the information of the brands is being conveyed on the targeted market. Furthermore, IMC is also considered as a strategic approach for coordinating all messages and media utilised by a company to collectively affect its perceived brand value (Keegan, Moriarity & Duncan, 1992). In addition, IMC is also referred to as a cross-function approach for generating and sustaining good relationships with clients by controlling or managing strategically all the information sent to them and by purposely encouraging two-way dialogues with target market. Integrated marketing communication has been considered to have an effect in brands. Accordingly, its concept that aims on managing customer relationship has the ability to drive brand value for the company and generate desire results (Clowe & Baack 2004). Through the integrated marketing communication, brands are strategically promoted through the use of various promotional elements as well as marketing process to communicate the message of the company and the brand to the specified target market (Moore and Thorson, 1996). It has been noted that integrated marketing communication is aiming on using direct communication so as to bring behavioural changes among consumers who will purchase a specific brand (Shimp, 2000). Integrated marketing communication also relates the message to the client which brings behavioral changes that helps the brand to establish a strong and tight relation with the target market. Furthermore, the context of integrated marketing communication stresses on the significance of coordination and synergy so as to develop and maintain a strong brand image. By using various communication instruments through the integration concept of marketing communications, industries have the ability to use effective methods to strengthen their brands with their target market and promote stronger brand names to their targets (Kotler, 2004). The IMC approach can also be considered to affect or influence brands positively by giving the brands the chance to sustain their competitive advantage among clients by identifying the most useful and appropriate methods in communicating and establishing good customer relations, which include strong relationships with stakeholders including the employees, investors, suppliers interest groups and the public in general. The main objective of the communicating brand image is to instill a stable and consistent impression among their clients (Fill, 2002). In addition, Integrated Marketing Communication affects brand in a way that it gives the opportunity for the brand to sustain its marketability. The application of integrated marketing tools can enable the brands to communicate with the other target segment. For instance because of the increasing popularity of the world wide web, each company that invests in having their own website will have the chance to reach consumers locally and internationally. This means that the reach of the brand are also extended and expanded in the global market. Through the use of integrated marketing communication. With this, brands of different company will be able to Emerge quickly in the marketplace since the tools and approaches of integrated marketing communication will act as shop window for many businesses today. In addition, this will also permit the clients to easily know important information about a specific brand and to know the different features a specific brand. In addition, the integrated marketing communication is also important in impacting the brand since this will served as a marketing communicating approach for effectively promoting the brands, which will aim to result in a more sales from other distribution channels. The rationale for choosing this marketing channel is that Integrated marketing communication can help brands to meet target consumers worldwide and this could be a great opportunity to be developed and in order for brand to be quickly recognized by the target market. In this regard, the overall campaign element of the brand must be integrated so as to attain the desirable marketing communication objectives. It is said that the target market do not separate or divide sponsorship, advertising, sales promotion, and internet as marketing communications approaches. The clients tend to receive the messages about specific brand from various sources and set up either favourable or unfavourable image of the brand. As far as the company is concerned, the source of the brand information is not that important. What is more essential with is the content of the information conveyed and to what degree the brand promise has been actually delivered to the target market (Fill & Yeshin, 2001). It can be said that all campaign activities lead down to marketing communication and the vital efficient communication is to comprehend how the clients process the vast amount of information that comes their way each and every day and how it helps the brand to reach their target audience (Fill, 2002). In order to sustain the competitive advantage of the specific brand, the market must be able to select only the important message that the management perceive to be important in enhancing the brand value and ignore the rest. If the marketing information is to be selected and process, the management must ensure that it include sensory and life experiences which can easily be determined and change into a unified context, have mental relationships to other categorized brand ideas, and fit into the categories and mental linkages that consumers have already created for themselves. Conclusion The context of branding is said to be useful in terms of comprehending and analysing the competitive position of an organisation. The brand of the company remains an important part of marketing communication as it is mostly recognised by their clients. It can be said that the heavy consideration on marketing communication in branding can create the impression that the brand can be promoted through the use of integrated marketing communication. In this analysis, it shows that brand image strengths and effectiveness is important to sustain the competitive advantage of the company. Much has been said about the importance of having a strong and effective brand image. Based on this analysis, it can be said that a strong and effective brand is something that can influence the choice of the target market and meets the brand personality provided. It can be said that each organisation must have a brand image which addresses the dimensions and characteristics of strong and effective brand. In order to achieve this, the company must be able to manage the brand efficiently. By and large, it can be said that brands have many useful attributes. A brand can be used by the company as promoting recall, as assets, in providing premium and quality in the market, and in generating perceived differentiation. It can also be said that brands is a complex phenomena and it can easily be understood using metaphors such as linking brands into a person. Analysis has shown that to be able to have a strong and effective brand, it must be able to meet the needs and demands of the clients and the company itself. In addition, analysis shows that the use of integrated marketing communication is an important aspect to make the brand be more attractive and appealing to the target market. It can be concluded that integrated marketing communication affect the brand’s competitive position by enabling the target market to know more about the brands. And eventually contribute to increasing sales; notably, integrated marketing communication can help in new institutional development and launches of the brand. In addition, the study shows that a strong and effective brand has the ability to produce audiences in a multi-channel environment that enables the company to be known in the global market. Second, strong and effective brands can be an outcome of an effective integrated marketing communication approach. Reference Aaker, D. (1991). Manage Brand Equity. New York: The Free Press. Aaker, D. A. & Joachimsthaler, E. (2000). Brand leadership. New York: Free Press Asher, J. (1997). Promoting brand identity: what’s your name again? ABA Banking Journal, Vol. 89. Bailey, S. , & Schultz, D. (2000). Customer/Brand Loyalty in an Interactive Marketplace. Journal of Advertising Research, 40(3), 41. Balmer, M. T. J. 7 Wilson, A. (1998). Corporate identity: there is more to it than meets the eye. International Studies of Management & Organization, Vol. 28. Biel, A. (1992). How brand image drives brand equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 32, 6-12. Brassington F, Pettitt S (2000). Principles of Marketing. 2nd edition. Harlow: Financial Times Pitman. Clowe& Baack (2007) integrated advertising, promotion and marketing communications 3rd edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. Engel, J. , Blackwell, R. and Miniard, P. (1995). Consumer behavior, 8th ed. Orlando, FL. : The Dryden Press. Fill C (2002) Integrated marketing communication.oxford butterworth heineman Laforet, S. & Saunders, J. (1999). Managing brand portfolios: Why leaders do what they do. Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 39. Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(January), 1-22. Kim, H. , Kim, W. G. , & An, J. A (2003). The effect of consumer-based brand equity on firms’ financial performance. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 20 (4), 335-351. Kotler, D. (1997). Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation and control (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. (1999). Marketing management analysis, planning, implementation and control (9th ed. ), Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, NJ: Prentice. Hall Inc. Kotler et al (2004). Principle of marketing, the European edition. Kotler, P 2001 Marketing Management. Northwestern University: Prentice Hall International, Inc. McCombs, M. (2003) Everything you know about branding is wrong, expert advises: Guess who’s really in charge? Available at [brandharmony. com]. Accessed July 16, 2008.

Doll House essays

Doll House essays AN  ANALYSIS  OF  NORA, THE MEN IN HER LIFE, AND  HER  NAVIGATATION  TO INDEPENDENCE The  play,  A  Doll  House,  written  by  Henrik  Ibsen  in  1879,  is  considered  a   landmark  in  drama  for  its  portrayal  of  realistic  people,  places,  and  situations.  Ibsen   confines  his  story  to  the  middle  class.  He  writes  of  a  society  that  is limited  not only  by  its  means  of  livelihood  but  also  its  outlook.  Ibsen  portrays  his characters    as  preoccupied  with  work  and  money, showing a reduction of values  in  and that lack of quality persons with morals.  Ibsen  takes  this  realistic  story  and  invests  it  with   universal  significance.  Wrapped  up  in  the  technique  of  this  well  constructed   play, Ibsen  is masterful  in  his  presentation  of  not  only  realism,  but he  holds  a  mirror  up   to the  society  of his day by  using  the male  figures  as  catalysts  for  Nora's  ultimate   knowledge  of  self-actualization.  He  accomplishes  this  with  such  precision that  the  audience  might  not  be  aware  all  the  subtleties  that  are  creating  their In  A Doll House,  Nora  forges  the  name  of  her  father  and  risks  damaging  her   husband's  good  name.  Ã‚  Henrik  Ibsen  offers  remarkable  insight  into  the  nineteenth   century  preoccupation  with  the  family  and  the  role  of  the  father, and what role is projected upon those who are subjugated to him.  This  play  takes  up  the  subject  of   strong  women  and  weak  men within the plot. A  prominent  theme  within  this  drama   is  the  deterioration  of  the  male,  who is aware  of  his  role  as  a  "father  figure". This decomposition is observed by the female protagonist (Nora). It is this descent that the role of the father figure is shaped, while creating the  catalyst  for the catharsis or  change  in  Nora.     When  the  female  protagonist  challenges  patriarchalï ¿ ½...

Formal Fused Words

Formal Fused Words Formal Fused Words Formal Fused Words By Mark Nichol Inasmuch as it pains me to say it, notwithstanding my affection for fused words, nevertheless, I encourage readers to use some of the words listed hereinafter sparingly and others not at all. Evolution of the English language includes a process called univerbation (yes, that’s really a word), the combination of a fixed expression of two or more words into a single word. It’s how two nouns are transformed into a closed compound such as lightbulb, or how a phrase such as â€Å"forget me not† coalesces into a noun such as forget-me-not, to represent something new. It’s how phrases like â€Å"young urban professional† are abbreviated to words such as yuppie, and how a portmanteau word like smog is formed. It’s how a verb phrase like â€Å"going to† is slurred to sound like gonna, and how a combination of a preposition and an infinitive such as in and to becomes the preposition into and how three words like not, with, and standing, which in sequence make little sense, are welded together to become a (highly formal) synonym for despite. (Other fused words are still considered invalid, such as the ubiquitous alot and alright and the rarer moreso and eachother, but in centuries to come these will likely be considered standard.) It applies also to when two or three words (sometimes with the aid of another word that remains independent) unite to perform an adverbial function or to serve as a conjunction or as a pronoun. Note, however, that in many cases, these words- though no more venerable than any of the other English vocabulary that has survived for multiple centuries with little change- may be perceived as archaic or at least stuffy. When it comes to the words and phrases listed below, clear communication might be better served by employing a more transparent phrase that represents the same idea. Adverbs Many compound adverbs, such as those beginning with any (anyone, anything, and so on), are entirely acceptable, as is the slightly more formal however, as well as thereafter, therefore, nevertheless, and nonetheless, but the following words may be seen as pedantic: hereinafter: following this part of this document or writing hereinbefore: preceding this part of this document or writing heretofore: up to this time hitherto: up to this time howsoever: in whatever manner, to whatever degree or extent insomuch: to such a degree therein: in that place, thing, or time, or in that particular or respect thereinafter: following the part of that document or writing thereinbefore: preceding the part of that document or writing theretofore: up to that time Conjunctions Some compound conjunctions (such as although) are familiar, but the following might be seen as distractingly formal: albeit: even though forasmuch as: in view of the fact that howbeit: even though inasmuch as: in view of the fact that, or in the degree that insofar: to such degree or extent whensoever: at any or every time wheresoever: anywhere at all Pronouns Whatever, whenever, and so on are everyday words, and whatnot is common though it may be perceived as substandard dialect, but the following are stiff: whatsoever: anything or everything, or no matter what, or anything that might also be mentioned (also an adjective) whosoever: whatever person, or no matter who In summary, with few exceptions (such as nevertheless), consider avoiding words with infixes (words inserted between others to form a single word)- though they are forgivable when used whimsically- and note that even some infix-free fused words (such as therein) may be considered overly formal. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:35 Synonyms for â€Å"Look†Do you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?40 Synonyms for Praise

Barriers to Thinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Barriers to Thinking - Research Paper Example Ruggiero (2009) correctly calls it, in the layman’s language, a tendency of laziness that most people are inclined to. Change by its very nature forces people to learn new ways and means and stretch ones imagination towards a new goal. One who is ready to change will inevitably initiate a process of thinking. Self-deception is the second barrier to thinking that can be seen in most of us. Finding fault in others, in circumstances for our all failures is a biggest self-deception that we resort to. That is how we pass on, very cleverly, all responsibilities on others. Self-deception is an enemy to our growth and development. At times, we conveniently forget that odds are there everywhere yet certain people do overcome them with their rightful thinking and introspection in the life (Ruggiero 2009). Riggiero (2009) advises us to abstain from taking any instantaneous viewpoint or form any opinion on any matter because that will be mostly judgmental and only out of our deep rooted old habits that we are mired of. When we are successful in this first step, then and then only, we will be able to initiate our unbiased and conscious thinking process that will gradually loosen our ties with all barriers to